Fertility and births

Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):^{[8][9] [10]}

Fertility data as of 2010 (DHS Program):^[9] The fertility rate in the Bujumbura Mairie Province fell to 3.7 by 2016-2017; the other regions were not aggregated in the report, for easy reference and comparison to the below chart.^[10] Per the 2016-2017 report, the average number of desired children in Burundi, nationwide, by both men and women of 15 to 49 years of age who are either paired up or married, is 4 children or less, and slightly less for men than for women. Per the report, this suggests an excess fecundity (more children than desired) of 1.8 children per couple nationwide; 1.1 in urban areas (where 3.0 children are desired, and the fertility rate is 4.1) and 2.0 in rural areas (where 3.7 children are desired and the fertility rate is 5.7). However, the number of desired children appears to be based on the lowest-desired rate - that of paired but unmarried men (3.7 children) rather than the highest (4.0, desired by married women) or even an overall average.^[10]

Population

12,696,478 (2022 est.)

12,241,065 (July 2021 est.)

10,742,276 (July 2015 est.)

Note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2015 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 58.6%, Protestant 35.3% (includes Adventist 2.7% and other Protestant 32.6%), Muslim 3.4%, other 1.3%, none 1.3% (2016-17 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 43.83% (male 2,618,868/female 2,581,597)

15-24 years: 19.76% (male 1,172,858/female 1,171,966)

25-54 years: 29.18% (male 1,713,985/female 1,748,167)

55-64 years: 4.17% (male 231,088/female 264,131)

65 years and over: 3.06% (male 155,262/female 207,899) (2020 est.)

Median age

Total: 17.7 years. Country comparison to the world: 217th

Male: 17.4 years

Female: 18.0 years (2020 est.)

Total: 17.0 years

Male: 16.8 years

Female: 17.2 years (2015 est.)

Population growth rate

3.63% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 4th

3.68% (2021 est.)

3.28% (2015 est.)

Total fertility rate

5.03 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 10th

5.1 children born/woman (2021 est.)

Birth rate

35.17 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 16th

35.48 births/1,000 population (2021 est.) Country comparison to the world: 16th

Death rate

5.96 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 161st

6.07 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Net migration rate

7.09 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 12nd

7.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)

4.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.)

Population distribution

One of Africa's most densely populated countries; concentrations tend to be in the north and along the northern shore of Lake Tanganyika in the west; most people live on farms near areas of fertile volcanic soil

Urbanization

urban population: 14.4% of total population (2022)

rate of urbanization: 5.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Urban population: 13.7% of total population (2020)

Rate of urbanization: 5.68% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

21.5 years (2016/17 est.)

note: median age at first birth among women 25-49

21.3 years (2010 est.)

note: median age at first birth among women 25-29

Sex ratio

At birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

Under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female

Total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 67.42 years. Country comparison to the world: 190th

male: 65.32 years

female: 69.59 years (2022 est.)

Total population: 67.07 years Country comparison to the world: 150th

male: 64.98 years

female: 69.22 years (2021 est.)

Total population: 60.9 years

Male: 59.2 years

Female: 62.7 years (2017 est.)

Dependency ratios

Total dependency ratio: 91.0

Youth dependency ratio: 86.4

Elderly dependency ratio: 4.5

Potential support ratio: 22.0 (2020 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

28.5% (2016/17)

HIV/AIDS

Adult prevalence rate: 1.2% (2019 est.) Country comparison to the world (37th)

People living with HIV/AIDS: 85,000 (2019 est.)

Deaths: 1,800 (2019 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

27.2% (2018/2019)

Major infectious diseases

Degree of risk: very high

Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

Vectorborne disease: malaria and dengue fever

Water contact disease: schistosomiasis

Animal contact disease: rabies (2020)

Nationality

Noun: Burundian(s)

Adjective: Burundian

Ethnic groups

Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1% Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000 ^[13]

Religions

Roman Catholic 62.1%, Protestant 23.9% (includes Adventist 2.3% and other Protestant 21.6%), Islam 2.5%, Other 3.6%, Unspecified 7.9% (2008 est.)

Languages

Kirundi (official) only: 29.7%, French (official) only: 0.3%, Kirundi and French: 8.4%, Kurundi, French and English: 2.4%, Swahili only: 0.2%, other language combinations: 2%, unspecified: 56.9% (2008 est.)

NOTE: Data represents only languages read and written by people 10 years of age or older; spoken Kirundi is nearly universal.

Literacy

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write

Total population: 68.4%

Male: 76.3%

Female: 61.2% (2017 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 11 years

male: 11 years

female: 11 years (2018)

Education expenditure

5.1% of GDP (2018)