This is a demography of the population of Maldives, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Demographics of Maldives
Population pyramid of the Maldives in 2020
Population	515,122 (2022)[1]
Growth rate	-0.14% (2022)
Birth rate	15.54 births/1,000 population (2022)
Death rate	4.15 deaths/1,000 population (2022)
Life expectancy	76.94 years
• male	74.57 years
• female	79.42 years
Fertility rate	1.71 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate	25.7 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate	-12.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years	19.72%
15–64 years	76.94%
65 and over	3.34%
Nationality
Nationality	Maldivian

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The largest ethnic group is Dhivehin, native to the historic region of the Maldive Islands comprising today's Republic of Maldives and the island of Minicoy in Union territory of Lakshadweep, India. They share the same culture and speak the Dhivehi language. They are principally an Indo-Aryan people, closely related to the Sinhalese and having traces of Middle Eastern, South Asian, Austronesian and African genes in the population.

In the past there was also a small Tamil population known as the Giraavaru people. This group have now been almost completely absorbed into the larger Maldivian society but were once native to the island of Giraavaru (Kaafu Atoll). This island was evacuated in 1968 due to heavy erosion of the island.

Filipinos in the Maldives numbering 3,000 in 2018.

Dhivehi, an Indo-Aryan language closely related to the Sinhala language of Sri Lanka, and written in a specialized Arabic script (Thaana), is the official language and is spoken by virtually the whole population. English is also spoken as a second language by many.

Sunni Islam is the state religion. Historically, the Maldives were converted to Islam from Buddhism in the 12th century. Under the 2008 constitution Islam is the official religion of the entire population, as adherence to it is required for citizenship.

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.