The vice president of the People's Republic of China, commonly called the vice president of China, is the deputy to the president of the People's Republic of China, the state representative of China.

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Vice President of the People's Republic of China
中华人民共和国副主席
National Emblem of the People's Republic of China
Flag of the People's Republic of China
Incumbent Han Zheng since 10 March 2023
Style	Mr Vice President (副主席) (informal) His Excellency (阁下) (diplomatic)
Type	Deputy state representative
Status	Sub-national leader level official
Residence	Zhongnanhai
Seat	Zhongnanhai West Building, Beijing[1]
Nominator	Presidium of the National People's Congress
Appointer	National People's Congress
Term length	Five years, renewable
Constituting instrument	Constitution of the People's Republic of China
Inaugural holder	Zhu De
Formation	27 September 1954; 69 years ago (1954-09-27)
Abolished	Between 1975 and 1982
Unofficial names	State Vice Chairman

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The office was first established in the Constitution in 1954, with the official English-language translation of "state vice chairman". The post of vice chairman was abolished under the Constitution of 1975 together with the chairman, then reinstated in the Constitution of 1982. Since 1982, the title's official English-language translation has been "vice president", although the Chinese title remains unchanged. The new constitution stipulated that the vice president could not serve more than two consecutive terms; the term limits were removed in 2018.

Under the current constitution, the president serves at the pleasure of the National People's Congress (NPC), the legislature. According to the constitution, the principal duty of the vice president is assisting the president in their duties. The vice president also assumes the presidency in case the office becomes vacant until a new president is elected by the NPC. The incumbent vice president of China is Han Zheng, who took office in 10 March 2023.

The office of state vice chairman was first established under the 1954 Constitution, together with the chairman.^[2] It was, along with the state chairman, abolished in the new Constitution adopted by the 4th National People's Congress (NPC) in 1975.

The office, now called the vice president, was restored in the 1982 constitution together with the presidency. The new constitution mandated term limits for the office, stipulating the president and vice president could not serve more than two consecutive terms.

Vice President Li Yuanchao was a member of the CCP Politburo until 2017, but not the Standing Committee.

On March 11, 2018, the first session of the 13th National People's Congress, by a vote of 2,958 in favor, two opposed and three abstaining, passed a constitutional amendment that removed the previous term limits for the president and the vice president.^[3] Wang Qishan was elected as the vice president during the session; he was a retired member of the Politburo Standing Committee at the time of his ascension. Han Zheng, who succeeded Wang Qishan as the vice president in 2023, was also a retired member of the politburo standing committee at the time of his ascension.^[4]

The vice president's duties constitutionally include assisting the president, and exercise part of their functions and powers on behalf of the president.^{[5][non-primary source needed]} The vice president also becomes the president in case the office becomes vacant until a new president is elected by the NPC.^{[5][non-primary source needed]} In case the vice presidency becomes vacant, the NPC elects a new vice president.^{[6][non-primary source needed]}

In practice, the position of the vice president is mostly ceremonial;^[4] Vice presidents Hu Jintao, Zeng Qinghong and Xi Jinping have been members of the Politburo Standing Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Central Secretariat, the country's main decision making bodies; these three served concurrently as the first secretary of the Secretariat, in charge of party affairs.

The vice president may play a major role in foreign affairs. For instance, the vice president generally sits on the Central Foreign Affairs Commission, a policy coordination body of the CCP. The vice president has also typically sits on the Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs. Therefore, while the vice president may not actually have substantive powers as defined in the Constitution, the office nonetheless carries significance and prestige. The holders of the office have all been individuals with a degree of political clout.^{[citation needed]}

Generations of leadership

  First Administration   Second Administration   Third Administration   Hu–Wen Administration   Xi–Li Administration/Xi Jinping Administration

• Order of precedence in China
• List of current vice presidents and designated acting presidents