A dicastery (/dɪˈkæstəri/; from Greek: δικαστήριον, romanized: dikastērion, lit. 'law-court', from δικαστής, 'judge, juror') is the name of some departments of the Roman Curia.

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Pastor bonus (1988) includes this definition:

By the word "dicasteries" are understood the Secretariat of State, Congregations, Tribunals, Councils and Offices, namely, the Apostolic Camera, the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See and the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See.^[1]

Under the new structure of the Roman Curia created by Praedicate evangelium (effective since 5 June 2022), the former titles of Congregations and Pontifical Councils are replaced with the term Dicastery.