Enseigne_Roux-class_destroyer
The Enseigne Roux class was the thirteenth class of destroyers to be built for the French Navy during World War I. The first two units of this class, the Enseigne Roux and the Mécanicien Principal Lestin saw use during the war. However, the construction of the third ship of the class — Enseigne Gabolde — was suspended in 1914. It was then resumed in 1921, and completed in 1923 to a modified design.
Enseigne Roux at anchor | |
| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Name | Enseigne Roux class |
| Builders | Arsenal de Rochefort |
| Operators |  French Navy |
| Preceded by | Bisson class |
| Succeeded by |
|
| Built | 1913–1915 |
| In commission | 1915–1936 |
| Planned | 3 |
| Completed | 2 |
| Scrapped | 2 |
| General characteristics (as built) | |
| Type | Destroyer |
| Displacement | 1,075 t (1,058 long tons) (deep load) |
| Length | 82.6 m (271 ft) (o/a) |
| Beam | 8.6 m (28 ft 3 in) |
| Draft | 3 m (9 ft 10 in) |
| Installed power |
|
| Propulsion | 2 shafts; 2 steam turbines |
| Speed | 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph) |
| Range | 1,400 nmi (2,600 km; 1,600 mi) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph) |
| Complement | 81 |
| Armament |
|
The Ensigne Roux-class was an enlarged derivative of the previous Bisson-class, themselves an improved Bouclier. Two (Enseigne Roux and Mécanicien Principal Lestin) were ordered from Rochefort Dockyard to a standard design, while a third Enseigne Gabolde was ordered from the Le Havre shipyard of Normand to a modified design, with different machinery.[1]
Enseigne Roux and Mécanicien Principal Lestin were 82.6 metres (271 ft) long, with a beam of 8.60 metres (28 ft 3 in). They displaced 1,075 tonnes (1,058 long tons). Four boilers fed two sets of direct-drive Parsons steam turbines rated at 17,000 shaft horsepower (13,000 kW) which drove two propeller shafts, giving a design speed of 30 knots (56 km/h; 35 mph).[2][lower-alpha 1] Enseigne Gabolde was longer, and was fitted with geared steam turbines instead of direct-drive units. These were rated at 20,000 shaft horsepower (15,000 kW), with a design speed of 31 knots (57 km/h; 36 mph).[3]
The design armament was as for the previous two classes, i.e. two 100 mm (3.9 in) Mle 1893 guns, four 65 mm (2.6 in) Mle 1902 guns and two twin 450 mm torpedo tubes.[4] During the First World War, a 75 millimetres (3.0 in) anti-aircraft gun was added, with an anti-submarine armament of ten depth charges and a towed explosive sweep.[2]
Enseigne Roux and Mécanicien Principal Lestin were laid down in late 1913, launched in 1915 and completed in 1916. Construction of Enseigne Gabolde was suspended due to the war, with her boilers used in other ships, with work not restarting until after the end of the war, and she was not completed until 1923.[1]
| Name | Builder | Launched | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Enseigne Roux | Arsenal de Rochefort | 13 July 1915 | Struck, 1936 |
| Mécanicien Principal Lestin | Arsenal de Rochefort | 15 May 1915 | Struck, 1936 |
- Mécanicien Principal Lestin reached a speed of 31.21 knots (57.80 km/h; 35.92 mph) during sea trials.[2]
- Couhat 1974, pp. 115–116
- Couhat 1974, p. 115
- Couhat 1974, p. 116
- Couhat 1974, pp. 101, 115
- Couhat, Jean Labayle (1974). French Warships of World War I. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0445-5.
- Friedman, Norman (2011). Naval Weapons of World War One: Guns, Torpedoes, Mines and ASW Weapons of All Nations; An Illustrated Directory. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-100-7.
- Prévoteaux, Gérard (2017). La marine française dans la Grande guerre: les combattants oubliés: Tome I 1914–1915 [The French Navy during the Great War: The Forgotten Combatants, Book I 1914–1915]. Collection Navires & Histoire des Marines du Mond. Vol. 23. Le Vigen, France: Éditions Lela presse. ISBN 978-2-37468-000-2.
- Prévoteaux, Gérard (2017). La marine française dans la Grande guerre: les combattants oubliés: Tome II 1916–1918 [The French Navy during the Great War: The Forgotten Combatants, Book II 1916–1918]. Collection Navires & Histoire des Marines du Mond. Vol. 27. Le Vigen, France: Éditions Lela presse. ISBN 978-2-37468-001-9.
- Roberts, Stephen S. (2021). French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4533-0.
- Smigielski, Adam (1985). "France". In Gray, Randal (ed.). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. pp. 190–220. ISBN 0-87021-907-3.