Extracorporeal life support (ECLS), is a set of extracorporeal modalities that can provide oxygenation, removal of carbon dioxide , and/or circulatory support, excluding cardiopulmonary bypass for cardiothoracic or vascular surgery.^[1]

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ECLS modalities include:

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) - for temporary support of patients with respiratory and/or cardiac failure .

Extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) - for removal of CO2 only. without cardiac support. ECCO2R is used for patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure or patients with less severe forms of acute respiratory distress syndrome.