Fethi_Okyar

Fethi Okyar

Fethi Okyar

2nd Prime Minister of the Republic of Turkey from 1924 to 1925

Ali Fethi Okyar (29 April 1880 – 7 May 1943) was a Turkish diplomat and politician, who also served as a military officer and diplomat during the last decade of the Ottoman Empire. He was also the second Prime Minister of Turkey (1924–1925) and the second Speaker of the Turkish Parliament after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

Quick Facts 2nd Prime Minister of Turkey, President ...

Biography

He was born in the Ottoman town of Prilep in Manastir Vilayet (present-day North Macedonia) to an Albanian family.[1][2][3] Some sources also claim that he was of Circassian descent.[4] He attended the Monastir Military High School, where he was a friend of Mustafa Kemal, helping him with French and introducing him to French political thought.[5] In 1913, he joined the Committee of Union and Progress (İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti) and was elected as the secretary general. In 1924 he was appointed Prime Minister as the successor of İsmet İnönü. But only a few months later in March 1925 he was replaced again by İnönü as a more decisive policy was needed to suppress the Sheikh Said rebellion.[6] Following he was appointed the Turkish ambassador to France in Paris.[6] In 1930, he received the permission to establish the Serbest Cumhuriyet Fırkası (Liberal Republican Party), an early party of opposition.[7] However, when the government noticed the support of this opposition party among Islamists, it was declared illegal and closed down, a situation similar to that of the Progressive Republican Party, which had lasted for a few months in 1924. He later served as Justice Minister from 1939 to 1941.

  • Atatürk and Okyar, August 1930
  • Okyar in his early days
  • Okyar in the 1930s

References

  1. [1]
    Stevenson, Charles (2014). A Box of Sand. The Italo-Ottoman War 1911-1912. p. 110. ISBN 9780957689275.
  2. [2]
    Karpat, Kemal (2001). The politicization of Islam: reconstructing identity, state, faith, and community in the late Ottoman state. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190285760.
  3. [3]
    Gingeras, Ryan (2019). Eternal Dawn: Turkey in the Age of Atatürk. Oxford University Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-19-879121-8.
  4. [4]
    Arslanbenzer, Hakan. "Fethi Okyar: Commissioned liberal, faithful Kemalist". dailysabah. Retrieved 21 October 2023.
  5. [5]
    Avci, Müşerref. "Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's Knowledge of Foreign Language and the Works He Brought into Turkish". Kırıkkale University.
  6. [6]
    Üngör, Umut. "Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950" (PDF). University of Amsterdam. pp. 235–236. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  7. [7]
    Weiker, Walter F. (1991). Heper, Metin; Landau, Jacob M. (eds.). Political Parties and Democracy in Turkey. I.B. Tauris. p. 84. ISBN 1-85043300-3.

Bibliography

  • Balkaya, İhsan Sabri (2005). Ali Fethi Okyar (29 Nisan 1880-7 Mayıs 1943) (in Turkish) (I. ed.). Ankara: Turkish History Association. ISBN 9751617162.
  • Çay, Abdulhaluk Mehmet (2009). Başlangıçtan Bugüne Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hükümetleri (PDF) (in Turkish). Künüçen, Hale. Ankara: Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism, Culture Portal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
  • Güneş, İhsan (August 2012). Özmel Akın, Nur; Güven, Pınar (eds.). Meşrutiyet'ten Cumhuriyet'e Türkiye'de Hükümetler: Programları ve Meclisteki Yankıları (1908-1923) (in Turkish) (I. ed.). Istanbul: Turkey İş Bank Cultural Publications. ISBN 9786053606512.
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