This work is in the
public domain
in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the
copyright term
is the author's
life plus 70 years or fewer
.
You must also include a
United States public domain tag
to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that this work might not be in the public domain in countries that do not apply the
rule of the shorter term
and have copyright terms longer than life of the author plus 50 years. In particular, Mexico is 100 years, Jamaica is 95 years, Colombia is 80 years, Guatemala and Samoa are 75 years, Switzerland and the United States are 70 years, and Venezuela is 60 years.
This work is in the
public domain
in
Malaysia
because either its term of copyright has
expired
, or the work is
legally exempted from copyright
.
The Malaysian
Copyright Act 1987
applies to works
first published in Malaysia
(
details
). The periods of copyright are as follows:
For literary, musical or artistic works, copyright subsists for 50 years after the death of the author. Copyright for unpublished works subsists for 50 years after the publication. For anonymous or pseudonymous works copyright subsists for 50 years after publication unless the author is made known.
For films and sound recordings, copyright subsists for 50 years after publication. For unpublished sound recordings, copyright subsists for 50 years after the fixation. For broadcasts, copyright subsists for 50 years after the broadcast is first made.
Works by the government, governmental organisations and international organisations are subject to copyright for 50 years after publication: sections 11 and 23.
Regardless of the above, the texts of laws, judicial opinions, and government reports are always free from copyright: section 3 (definition of
literary work
).
(All 50-year durations are computed from the beginning of the calendar year next following the year in which the work was first published or made. In other words, as of 2024, works published prior to 1 January 1974 are now in the public domain.)
You must also include a
United States public domain tag
to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that this work might not be in the public domain in countries that do not apply the
rule of the shorter term
and have copyright terms longer than life of the author plus 50 years. In particular, Mexico is 100 years, Jamaica is 95 years, Colombia is 80 years, Guatemala and Samoa are 75 years, Switzerland and the United States are 70 years, and Venezuela is 60 years.
It is an anonymous or pseudonymous work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication
It is an audiovisual or photographic work and 50 years have passed since the year of its publication
It is a work of applied art and 25 years have passed since the year of its publication
It is another kind of work, and 50 years have passed since the year of death of the author (or last-surviving author)
Important note:
Works of foreign (non-U.S.) origin must be out of copyright or freely licensed in both their home country and the United States in order to be accepted on Commons. Works of Philippine origin that have entered the public domain in the U.S. due to certain circumstances (such as publication in noncompliance with U.S. copyright formalities) may have had their U.S. copyright restored under the
Uruguay Round Agreements Act
(URAA) if the work was under copyright in its country of origin on the date that the URAA took effect in that country. (For the Philippines, the URAA took effect on January 1, 1996.)
You must also include a
United States public domain tag
to indicate why this work is in the public domain in the United States. Note that this work might not be in the public domain in countries that do not apply the
rule of the shorter term
and have copyright terms longer than life of the author plus 50 years. In particular, Mexico is 100 years, Jamaica is 95 years, Colombia is 80 years, Guatemala and Samoa are 75 years, Switzerland and the United States are 70 years, and Venezuela is 60 years.
Captions
Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents