Cholera_role_of_biofilm_in_intestinal_colonization.jpg
Size of this preview:
800 × 398 pixels
.
Other resolutions:
320 × 159 pixels
|
640 × 318 pixels
|
1,024 × 509 pixels
|
1,607 × 799 pixels
.
Summary
Description Cholera role of biofilm in intestinal colonization.jpg |
English:
"Fig 3
Model for the role of biofilm in intestinal colonization. (A) Cholera Vibrios can enter the small intestine as planktonic cells or embedded in a biofilm matrix, represented by a pale yellow shade. A fraction of Vibrios detach from the biofilm into the lumen. (B) Bile in the lumen acts as a repellent. Vibrios interact with the protective mucus coat and penetrate the mucus layer. (C) Vibrios interact with the villi. Bacterial interaction with the villi could involve iterative weak attachments that result in a more permanent adherence facilitated by TCP and other adhesins. Low bile, high bicarbonate, and cessation of motility in the proximity of the villi favor the expression of TCP and CT. (D) Expression of TCP and unknown factors promote microcolony formation along the villous axis and the crypts. (E) At high cell density, activation of HA/protease and motility by quorum sensing and RpoS promotes detachment. (F) Detached Vibrios are shed back into the luminal compartment. High bile concentration in the lumen enhances the c-di-GMP pool and favors biofilm formation. A fraction of detached Vibrios respond to bile stress by forming biofilms in vivo, indicated by Vibrio aggregates embedded in a pale green shade. Repetition of steps A through E spreads the infection along the small intestine. A mixture of V. cholerae planktonic cells, biofilm-like aggregates, and degraded mucus is excreted in the cholera stool." |
Date | |
Source | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004330.g003 |
Author | Anisia J. Silva , Jorge A. Benitez |
Licensing
This file is licensed under the
Creative Commons
Attribution 4.0 International
license.
-
You are free:
- to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
- to remix – to adapt the work
-
Under the following conditions:
- attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.