This is a faithful photographic reproduction of a two-dimensional,
public domain
work of art. The work of art itself is in the public domain in its
source country
for the following reason:
Public domain
Public domain
false
false
This work is in the
public domain
in France for one of the following reasons:
Its author (or the last of its authors in the case of a collaboration work) died more than 70 years ago (
CPI art. L123-1
) and did not benefit from any copyright extension (CPI art.
L123-8
,
L123-9
and
L123-10
)
[1]
;
It is an anonymous or pseudonymous work (the identity of the author has never been disclosed) or a collective work
[2]
and more than 70 years have passed since its publication (
CPI art. L123-3
);
It is the recording of an audiovisual or musical work already in the public domain, and more than 50 years have passed since the performance or the recording (
CPI art. L211-4
).
Please note that
moral rights
still apply when the work is in the public domain. They encompass, among others, the right to the respect of the author's name, quality and work (
CPI art. L121-1
). Attribution therefore remains mandatory.
↑
Copyright extensions must be considered only in the case of musical works and of authors
Mort pour la France
(died during conflict, in the service of France). In other cases, they are included in the 70 years
post mortem auctoris
length (see
this statement
of the
Cour de Cassation
).
↑
The collective work status is quite restrictive, please make sure that it is actually established.
It is also in the public domain in the
United States
for the following reason:
Public domain
Public domain
false
false
This work was published before January 1, 1929 and it is anonymous or pseudonymous due to unknown authorship. It is in the
public domain
in the United States as well as countries and areas where the
copyright terms of anonymous or pseudonymous works
are
95 years or fewer since publication
.
The official position taken by the Wikimedia Foundation is that "
faithful reproductions of two-dimensional public domain works of art are public domain
".
This photographic reproduction is therefore also considered to be in the public domain in the United States.
In other jurisdictions, re-use of this content may be restricted;
see
Reuse of PD-Art photographs
for details.
