Muscle_protein_synthesis_signaling_cascades.jpg
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Summary
| Description |
English:
Diagram of the molecular signaling cascades that are involved in
myofibrillar
muscle protein synthesis and
mitochondrial biogenesis
in response to physical exercise and specific amino acids or their derivatives (primarily
leucine
and
beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate
).
Abbreviations and schematic representations: ■ PLD: phospholipase D■ PA: phosphatidic acid ■ mTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin ■ AMP: adenosine monophosphate ■ ATP: adenosine triphosphate ■ AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase ■ PGC‐1α: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α ■ 4EBP1: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 ■ S6K1: p70S6 kinase ■ eIF4E: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E ■ RPS6: ribosomal protein S6 ■ eEF2: eukaryotic elongation factor 2 ■ RE: resistance exercise; EE: endurance exercise ■ Myo: myofibrillar; Mito: mitochondrial ■ AA: amino acids ■ ↑ represents activation ■ Τ represents inhibition |
| Date | |
| Source | (January 2016). " Skeletal muscle homeostasis and plasticity in youth and ageing: impact of nutrition and exercise ". Acta Physiol (Oxf) 216 (1): 15–41. DOI : 10.1111/apha.12532 . PMID 26010896 . PMC : 4843955 . Figure 1 |
| Author | Brook MS, Wilkinson DJ, Phillips BE, Perez-Schindler J, Philp A, Smith K, Atherton PJ |
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