Foreign_relations_of_Zimbabwe

Foreign relations of Zimbabwe

Foreign relations of Zimbabwe

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Zimbabwe maintains relations with various countries around the world, and maintains close diplomatic relations with neighboring nations.

Bilateral relationships

Zimbabwe has significant bilateral relations with several countries.

Following Ian Smith's Unilateral Declaration of Independence from the United Kingdom in 1965 Rhodesia's diplomatic presence was dramatically rolled back across the world. By the time of the Lancaster House Agreement in 1979 Rhodesia only had representative offices in London, Bonn, Pretoria, Sydney, Washington, D.C. and Tokyo. Missions in Maputo (then Lourenço Marques) and Lisbon were closed in 1975 following the Carnation Revolution in Portugal. Under Robert Mugabe Zimbabwe ran a new foreign policy which operated more closely with African, Soviet and NAM states.

Some white Rhodesians who have left their country following ZANU-PF coming to power have established "embassies" and offices representing a government in exile in places afar as Thailand, Iceland and London.

The capital of the country, Harare, currently hosts 51 embassies. Several other countries have ambassadors accredited from other capital cities, mainly Pretoria and Addis Ababa. Several countries have closed their embassies in Zimbabwe in recent years to protest the policies of President Robert Mugabe, with the Czech Republic and Botswana being the latest to announce their intentions to do so.[1][2] The information provided on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Zimbabwe's website is outdated, and due to the country's growing isolation, several embassies that are listed have closed. The information was checked on the websites of other foreign ministries to ensure accuracy.

Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Zimbabwe maintains diplomatic relations with:

More information #, Country ...

Bilateral relations

More information Country, Formal relations began ...

Americas

More information Country, Formal relations began ...

Asia

More information Country, Formal relations began ...

Europe

More information Country, Formal relations began ...

Oceania

More information Country, Formal relations began ...

Multilateral organizations

Zimbabwe has missions to several multilateral organizations:

Zimbabwe and the Commonwealth of Nations

Main article: Zimbabwe and the Commonwealth of Nations

Zimbabwe became an independent republic in the Commonwealth of Nations on 18 April 1980. Zimbabwe withdrew from the Commonwealth of Nations in December 2003, due to international criticism of the Government of Zimbabwe's human rights record.

Emmerson Mnangagwa, Robert Mugabe's successor as President of Zimbabwe, has stated that Zimbabwe will apply to return to the Commonwealth in late 2018, following in the footsteps of The Gambia returning to the Commonwealth on 8 February 2018.

Sibusiso Moyo attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting 2018 in his capacity as Minister of Foreign Affairs.

The British Government has expressed support for Zimbabwe to return to its membership of the Commonwealth.[220]

See also

References

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Further reading

  • Scarnecchia, Timothy. Race and Diplomacy in Zimbabwe: The Cold War and Decolonization, 1960-1984 (Cambridge University Press, 2020) online review
  • Schwartz, Richard. Coming to Terms: Zimbabwe in the International Arena I. B. Tauris.
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