Functional_urban_area

Larger urban zone

Larger urban zone

Measure of metropolitan and surrounding areas

The larger urban zone (LUZ), or functional urban area (FUA), is a measure of the population and expanse of metropolitan and surrounding areas which may or may not be exclusively urban.[1] It consists of a city and its commuting zone outside it.[2]

The definition was introduced in 2004 by Eurostat, the statistical agency of the European Union (EU), in agreement with the national statistics offices in the member states.[3][4] Eurostat data is provided only for zones in the EU countries, candidate countries and EFTA countries. Several cities were excluded by definition from the 2004 list of LUZs on technical, definitional grounds, such as the coincidence of the metropolitan area with the urban zone.[5][6][7]

The LUZ represents an attempt at a harmonised definition of the metropolitan area. Eurostat's objective was to have an area from which a significant share of the residents commute into the city, a concept known as the "functional urban region." To ensure a good data availability, Eurostat adjusts the LUZ boundaries to administrative boundaries that approximate the functional urban region.

In 2006 LUZ definitions were changed significantly, improving the comparability of LUZ definitions across different countries, and allowing for almost all cities to be included.

List of larger urban zones by population as of 2017

This is a list of larger urban zones by population as of 2017. The 2004 Urban Audit also includes cities from EFTA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) and EU candidate countries, although the only candidate country for which there is available data is Turkey. Some cities, including Marseille, Lille, Nice, Cordoba, Badajoz, Toulon and Montpellier were excluded from the 2004 list on technical, definitional grounds, such as the coincidence of the metropolitan area with the urban zone.

  Areas outside of the European Union
More information Rank, Country ...

List of larger urban zones

This is a list of larger urban zones. The Urban Audit also includes cities from EFTA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) and EU candidate countries. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) uses a similar definition of Functional Urban Area to represent population sizes of cities in OECD countries.[9] This data is also included.

The figures in the Eurostat database are an attempt at a compromise between harmonised data for all of the European Union, and with availability of statistical data, making comparisons more accurate.[10]

  Areas outside of the European Union
More information Country, OECD Population (2014) ...

See also

Notes

  1. Part of the Randstad polycentric urban region consisting of the metropolitan areas of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht (982,000). The total population of the region is 7,100,000.
  2. The Flemish Diamond metropolitan region, which consists of the metropolitan areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Gent, and Leuven, has a total population of 5,103,000.
  3. Total population is 4,251,000 if the metropolitan area of Mataro (169,000) is included.
  4. Part of the wider Öresund region, which includes the Swedish metropolitan area of Malmö (961,000). The total regional population is 2,842,000.
  5. Part of the Rhein-Main metropolitan region with a total population of 4,149,000, which additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Darmstadt (501,000), Wiesbaden (453,000), and Mainz (431,000).
  6. 2014 data
  7. 2017 data
  8. Part of the polycentric Upper Silesian urban region with a total population of 5,294,000. The region additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Ostrava (1,046,000), Bielsko-Biala (584,000) and Rybnik (526,000).
  9. Leeds and Bradford counted separately.
  10. Kortrijk not included.
  11. Part of the wider Lille-Bassin Minier region with a total population of 3,115,000.
  12. 2014 data
  13. Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 6,011,000.
  14. When combined with the Augsburg metropolitan area (606,000), the region has a total population of 3,271,000.
  15. Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 3,714,000.
  16. 2015
  17. Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 1,778,000.
  18. Excludes Southampton
  19. 2015
  20. Polycentric metropolitan area
  21. Excludes Neuss.
  22. Part of the polycentric urban region of Rhein-Ruhr, which has a total population of 12,190,000.
  23. Excludes Bonn which has a population of 750,370
  24. Excludes Bonn
  25. Essen, Bochum, and Dortmund counted separately.
  26. Saarbrücken only
  27. Total population is 1,262,000 if the metropolitan area of Utrera (82,000) is included.
  28. Total population is 1,716,000 if the metropolitan of Pinerolo is included.
  29. Excludes Sunderland
  30. Total population is 1,499,000 if the metropolitan area of Sagunto is included.

References

  1. [1]
    Position Statement on Cohesion Policy 2014–2020 Archived 2 July 2015 at the Wayback Machine, EuroMETREX. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  2. [2]
    "European cities – the EU-OECD functional urban area definition". Eurostat.
  3. [3]
    "City statistics – Urban audit". Eurostat. 2006. Archived from the original on 6 February 2009.
  4. [4]
    "The shift of Eurostat to Urban Statistics". Dr. Berthold Feldmann, Eurostat. March 2006. Archived from the original on 20 September 2006.
  5. [5]
    www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr https://web.archive.org/web/20110727094822/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999003.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. [6]
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110727094843/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999004.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2016. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. [7]
    https://web.archive.org/web/20110727094905/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999006.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2016. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. [8]
    Data for 2001 (2004 data not yet available)
  9. [9]
    "OECD Populations in cities". OECD. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
  10. [10]
    "Urban Audit Database". Urbanaudit.org. Archived from the original on 23 May 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2011.
  11. [11]
    European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3) Archived 24 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine, Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007)
  12. [12]
    http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en [bare URL]
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