Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States, bordered to the north by Tennessee and North Carolina; to the northeast by South Carolina; to the southeast by the Atlantic Ocean; to the south by Florida; and to the west by Alabama. Georgia is the 24th-largest state in area and 8th most populous of the 50 United States. Its 2020 population was 10,711,908, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.[5] Atlanta, a "beta(+)" global city, is both the state's capital and its largest city. The Atlanta metropolitan area, with a population of more than 6 million people in 2021, is the 8th most populous metropolitan area in the United States and contains about 57% of Georgia's entire population.[6]
Georgia | |
|---|---|
| State of Georgia | |
| Nickname(s): Peach State, Empire State of the South | |
| Motto(s): "Wisdom, Justice & Moderation"[1] | |
| Anthem: "Georgia on My Mind" | |
 Map of the United States with Georgia highlighted | |
| Country | United States |
| Before statehood | Province of Georgia |
| Admitted to the Union | January 2, 1788 (4th) |
| Capital (and largest city) | Atlanta |
| Largest metro and urban areas | Atlanta |
| Government | |
| • Governor | Brian Kemp (R) |
| • Lieutenant Governor | Burt Jones (R) |
| Legislature | Georgia General Assembly |
| • Upper house | Senate |
| • Lower house | House of Representatives |
| Judiciary | Supreme Court of Georgia |
| U.S. senators |
|
| U.S. House delegation | 9 Republicans 5 Democrats (list) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 59,425 sq mi (153,909 km2) |
| • Land | 57,906 sq mi (149,976 km2) |
| • Water | 1,519 sq mi (3,933 km2) 2.6% |
| • Rank | 24th |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 298 mi (480 km) |
| • Width | 230 mi (370 km) |
| Elevation | 600 ft (180 m) |
| Highest elevation | 4,784 ft (1,458 m) |
| Lowest elevation (Atlantic Ocean[2]) | 0 ft (0 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • Total | 10,711,908[3] |
| • Rank | 8th |
| • Density | 185.2/sq mi (71.5/km2) |
| • Rank | 18th |
| • Median household income | $61,200[4] |
| • Income rank | 29th |
| Demonym | Georgian |
| Language | |
| • Official language | English |
| • Spoken language | English Spanish (7.42%) Other (2.82%) |
| Time zone | UTC– 05:00 (Eastern) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC– 04:00 (EDT) |
| USPS abbreviation | GA |
| ISO 3166 code | US-GA |
| Traditional abbreviation | Ga. |
| Latitude | 30.356–34.985° N |
| Longitude | 80.840–85.605° W |
| Website | www |
.svg)
Founded in 1732 as the Province of Georgia and first settled in 1733, Georgia became a British royal colony in 1752. It was the last and southernmost of the original Thirteen Colonies to be established.[7] Named after King George II of Great Britain, the Georgia Colony covered the area from South Carolina south to Spanish Florida and west to French Louisiana at the Mississippi River. On January 2, 1788, Georgia became the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution.[8] From 1802 to 1804, western Georgia was split to form the Mississippi Territory, which later was admitted as the U.S. states of Alabama and Mississippi. Georgia declared its secession from the Union on January 19, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate States.[8] Following the Civil War, it was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870.[8] In the post-Reconstruction era of the late 19th century, Georgia's economy was transformed as a group of prominent politicians, businessmen, and journalists, led by Henry W. Grady, espoused the "New South" philosophy of sectional reconciliation, industrialization, and white supremacy.[9] During the mid-20th century, several Georgians, most notably Martin Luther King Jr., were prominent leaders during the civil rights movement.[8] Atlanta was selected as host of the 1996 Summer Olympics, which marked the 100th anniversary of the modern Olympic Games. Since 1945, Georgia has seen substantial population and economic growth as part of the broader Sun Belt phenomenon. From 2007 to 2008, 14 of Georgia's counties ranked among the nation's 100 fastest-growing.[10]
Georgia is defined by a diversity of landscapes, flora, and fauna. The state's northernmost regions include the Blue Ridge Mountains, part of the larger Appalachian Mountain system. The Piedmont plateau extends from the foothills of the Blue Ridge south to the Fall Line, an escarpment to the Coastal Plain defining the state's southern region. Georgia's highest point is Brasstown Bald at 4,784 feet (1,458 m) above sea level; the lowest is the Atlantic Ocean. With the exception of some high-altitude areas in the Blue Ridge, the entirety of the state has a humid subtropical climate. Of the states entirely east of the Mississippi River, Georgia is the largest in land area.[11]