Germany–Mongolia_relations

Germany–Mongolia relations

Germany–Mongolia relations

Bilateral relations

Germany–Mongolia relations are the bilateral relations between Germany and Mongolia. Historically, the Mongolian People's Republic had close ties to the German Democratic Republic, which has persisted to this day.[1] Mongolia established ties with the Federal Republic of Germany in 1974.[2]

Quick Facts Mongolia, Diplomatic mission ...

History

Early contacts

The earliest contact between Germanic and Mongol peoples are said to have occurred in 1241, during the Battle of Legnica, with the Mongols under Baidar proving victorious over a combined force of Poles, Moravians, and Germans, though the Mongols retreated back to Hungary shortly after.[3]

20th century

After declaring independence in 1911, Mongolia had made ultimately unsuccessful overtures to establish ties with Germany through its representative in Saint Petersburg.[4] After the Mongolian Revolution of 1921, the Mongolian People's Party made establishing economic ties with Germany a high priority, and in 1927 the first batch of 50 Mongolian students, including Dashdorjiin Natsagdorj, the founding father of modern Mongolian literature, were sent to Germany and France for education.

Cold War

East Germany

Mongolia and East Germany established ties on April 13, 1950.[5] The following high-level visits were undertaken between nations.

More information Year, Person ...

In 1989, about 300 exhibits from Mongolian museums were organized in Munich, dedicated to the "art and culture of the Mongolian equestrian people".[6]

West Germany

Mongolia-West Germany ties being established on January 31, 1974.[5][7][8]

Post-communist era

Since the German reunification, a large number of visits have been held by various high-ranking German and Mongolian politicians and delegations. The following is a list of the most important state visits since 1990:[9]

More information Year, Person ...

Cultural relations

From May to June 1995, the mixed German-Mongolian culture commission met in Ulaanbaatar under the direction of Peter Truhart.[11] On September 16, 1997, an agreement on cultural exchange and cooperation was signed between Germany and Mongolia.[11]

Agreements

On August 22, 1994, Germany and Mongolia passed a double taxation agreement in order to avoid double taxation of German and Mongolian citizens.[12] A year later, in October 1995, the two countries signed a financial cooperation agreement. A delegation from the Committee on Economic Cooperation and Development of the German Bundestag traveled to Mongolia in March 1998.

Trade

Germany is Mongolia's main trading partner in the European Union, together with the United Kingdom, but on January 31, 2020 the United Kingdom left the EU.[1]

In 2022, to reduce Germany's reliance on critical minerals from Russia and China, Chancellor Olaf Scholtz conveyed to visiting Prime Minister of Mongolia Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene that Germany aims to buy raw materials from Mongolia, including copper and rare earths.[13]

Diaspora

In the 2010 Mongolian National Census, 3,852 Mongolian citizens were recorded to have been living in Germany.[14]

See also

References

  1. [1]
    "Mongolia". Federal Foreign Office. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  2. [2]
    "Germany and Mongolia: 40 years of close partnership". German Federal Foreign Office. Retrieved 3 January 2021.
  3. [3]
    Bettina Ehlers: Kompendium der deutsch-mongolischen Beziehungen (Hamburg 2000, S. 40, siehe Literatur)
  4. [4]
    Sanders, Alan (1996). Historical Dictionary of Mongolia. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 368. ISBN 9781538102275. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  5. [5]
    "Улс төрийн харилцаа". Монгол улсаас Герман улсад суугаа элчих сайдын яам. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  6. [6]
    Prause, Gerbard, Reich der Reiter. Die hohe Kultur eines alten Volkes, Die Zeit 13 October 1989, retrieved 27 January 2016.
  7. [7]
    "ХХI зууны Монгол-Германы харилцааг гэрэлтэй, өөдрөгөөр төсөөлдөг". mass.mn. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  8. [8]
    "Монгол, Германы дипломат харилцааны 40 жилийн ойд зориулсан арга хэмжээ болов". www.mglnews.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  9. [9]
    "МОНГОЛ УЛСААС ХОЛБООНЫ БҮГД НАЙРАМДАХ ГЕРМАН УЛСАД СУУГАА ЭЛЧИН САЙДЫН ЯАМ, EMBASSY OF MONGOLIA IN THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY". berlin.embassy.mn. Retrieved 2021-06-22.
  10. [10]
    Der mongolische Außenminister Tserenpil Gombosuren wurde vom Präsident der Industrie- und Handelskammer der Mongolei Sed-Ochir Bayarbaatar begleitet (Bettina Ehlers: Kompendium der deutsch-mongolischen Beziehungen, Hamburg 2000, vgl. S. 43, siehe Literatur)
  11. [11]
    Bundesanzeiger: "Bekanntmachung des deutsch-mongolischen Abkommens über kulturelle Zusammenarbeit 29 July 1998" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2016-01-27. Retrieved 2021-06-22.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link), retrieved 27 January 2016.
  12. [12]
    Internationales Steuerrecht – Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen Mongolei, retrieved 27 January 2016.
  13. [13]
    "Germany Seeks Critical Minerals from Mongolia To Reduce Dependency on China". Mongolia Weekly. 2022-10-17. Retrieved 2023-08-22.
  14. [14]
    "ХҮН АМ, ОРОН СУУЦНЫ 2010 ОНЫ УЛСЫН ТООЛЛОГЫН ҮР ДҮН" (PDF). National Statistics Office of Mongolia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article Germany–Mongolia_relations, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.