Gold-195

Isotopes of gold

Isotopes of gold

Nuclides with an atomic number of 79 but with different mass numbers

Gold (79Au) has one stable isotope, 197Au, and 37 radioisotopes, with 195Au being the most stable with a half-life of 186 days. Gold is currently considered the heaviest monoisotopic element. Bismuth formerly held that distinction until alpha-decay of the 209Bi isotope was observed. All isotopes of gold are either radioactive or, in the case of 197Au, observationally stable, meaning that 197Au is predicted to be radioactive but no actual decay has been observed.[4]

Quick Facts Main isotopes, Decay ...

List of isotopes

More information Nuclide, Z ...
  1. [n 1]
    mAu – Excited nuclear isomer.
  2. [n 2]
    ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
  3. [n 3]
    # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
  4. [n 4]
    # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
  5. [n 5]
    Modes of decay:
    EC:Electron capture
    IT:Isomeric transition
    p:Proton emission
  6. [n 6]
    Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
  7. [n 7]
    Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
  8. [n 8]
    ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
  9. [n 9]
    Theoretically capable of α decay to 189Ir[1]
  10. [N 10]
    Potential material for salted bombs
  11. [N 11]
    Theoretically predicted to undergo α decay to 193Ir

References

  1. [1]
    Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
  2. [2]
    "Standard Atomic Weights: Gold". CIAAW. 2017.
  3. [3]
    Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  4. [4]
    Belli, P.; Bernabei, R.; Danevich, F. A.; et al. (2019). "Experimental searches for rare alpha and beta decays". European Physical Journal A. 55 (8): 140–1–140–7. arXiv:1908.11458. Bibcode:2019EPJA...55..140B. doi:10.1140/epja/i2019-12823-2. ISSN 1434-601X. S2CID 201664098.
  5. [5]
    Wang, Meng; Huang, W.J.; Kondev, F.G.; Audi, G.; Naimi, S. (2021). "The AME 2020 atomic mass evaluation (II). Tables, graphs and references*". Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030003. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf.
  6. [6]
    Hilton, Joshua Ben. "Decays of new nuclides 169Au, 170Hg, 165Pt and the ground state of 165Ir discovered using MARA" (PDF). University of Liverpool. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
  7. [7]
    Kettunen, H.; Enqvist, T.; Grahn, T.; Greenlees, P. T.; Jones, P.; Julin, R.; Juutinen, S.; Keenan, A.; Kuusiniemi, P.; Leino, M.; Leppänen, A.-P.; Nieminen, P.; Pakarinen, J.; Rahkila, P.; Uusitalo, J. (28 May 2004). "Decay studies of Au 170 , 171 , Hg 171 – 173 , and Tl 176". Physical Review C. 69 (5): 054323. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.69.054323. ISSN 0556-2813. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
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