Gual_and_España_conspiracy
The Gual and España conspiracy (1797)[1] was a pro-independence movement that originated in the port city of La Guaira in Colonial Venezuela.[2] It was led by José María España and Manuel Gual, two white creoles.[2] The Spanish revolutionary, Juan Bautista Mariano Picornell y Gomila, was involved. It is also believed that Simón Rodríguez, an early teacher of Simón Bolívar, was involved.[3]
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The conspiracy of Gual and España was reported on 13 July to Captain General Pedro Carbonell, who ordered a persecution against the conspirators, in which 49 Creoles and 21 Spaniards were arrested. Both Gual and España escaped to the neighboring English colony of Trinidad. A reward was put on their heads.