Prior to 2022

Victoria Hospital in Swindon was established in 1887,^[1] at first with 12 beds, increasing to 22 by 1904; it finally closed in 2007.^[2]

From 1947 to 1974, NHS services in Wiltshire were managed by the South-West Metropolitan Regional Hospital Board (covering New Sarum, Wilton, and the rural districts of Amesbury, Mere and Tisbury, and Salisbury and Wilton), by the South-Western Board (responsible for the Lyme Regis area) and by Oxford Regional Hospital Board (Marlborough and Swindon). In 1965 a new board was formed for Wessex which covered the boroughs of New Sarum and Wilton and the rural districts of Amesbury, Mere and Tisbury, and Salisbury and Wilton.

In 1974 the boards were abolished and replaced by regional health authorities, with the whole of Wiltshire coming under the Wessex RHA. Regions were reorganised in 1996 and Dorset came under the South and West Regional Health Authority. Wiltshire had three area health authorities: Wiltshire, Salisbury and Swindon, from 1974 until 1994 when it was united into one authority for Bath and Wiltshire. Regional health authorities were reorganised and renamed strategic health authorities in 2002; Wiltshire was part of Avon, Gloucestershire and Wiltshire SHA. In 2006 regions were again reorganised and Wiltshire came under NHS South West until that was abolished in 2013. There was one primary care trust for the county.

Bath, Swindon and Wiltshire formed a sustainability and transformation plan area in March 2016,^[3] chaired from December 2019 by Stephanie Elsy, a former leader of Southwark Council.^[4]

Commissioning prior to 2022

Bath and North East Somerset, Swindon and Wiltshire clinical commissioning group (CCG) was formed in April 2020 by merging three CCGs which covered Bath and North East Somerset, Swindon and Wiltshire.^[5] At that time the combined CCG had an annual budget of £1.3 billion and served a population of 934,000 across an area of 1,511 square miles (3,910 km²).^[6] The CCG's headquarters were in Chippenham and it had offices in Bath, Devizes and Swindon.^[6] Its chief executive was Tracey Cox,^[7] formerly a manager at Bath and North East Somerset Primary Care Trust and then the corresponding CCG.^[8]

Swindon CCG agreed in June 2015 to fund a community therapy team at the Prospect Hospice, providing occupational and physiotherapy at home, in order to reduce pressure on hospital beds.^[9] Wiltshire CCG expected a £23 million funding gap in 2016/17 and to miss its financial target by £4.8m in 2015/6. Consequently it capped the amount of planned care delivered in hospitals, limited the number of funded procedures, and recovered money from drug companies.^[10]

Since 2022

In July 2022, integrated care boards (ICBs) were established throughout NHS England to plan and deliver health and care services, replacing CCGs. Wiltshire is covered by the board for Bath and North East Somerset, Swindon and Wiltshire, which is branded as BSW Together.^[11] Stephanie Elsy continued in the new role of ICB chair, and Sue Harriman – formerly a nurse and chief executive of Solent NHS Trust – was appointed as the first chief executive of the ICB.^[11]

The ICB is required to work with local authorities to create an integrated care partnership (ICP) committee, to include local organisations such as the voluntary sector and social enterprises.^[12][13] The ICP works on prevention, wider social and economic factors affecting health, and reducing health inequalities.^[12] The first ICP chair is Richard Clewer, leader of Wiltshire Council.^[14]