Henri Guilbeaux (1885–1938) was a French socialist politician and poet. He was active in the Zimmerwald Anti-War Movement during World War I.

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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (March 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 6,130 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Henri Guilbeaux]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|fr|Henri Guilbeaux}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Guilbeaux was a prominent figure in a group of intellectuals in Geneva who opposed continuation of the war. Another member of the group was his friend Stefan Zweig, whose poems he translated into French. Zweig nonetheless criticizes him in "Die Welt von Gestern," saying that he "was not a gifted person" and that "I must frankly denominate his literary ability as inconsiderable. His command of language was not more than average; his education was not profound. His entire power lay in controversy." However, Zweig praises his talent for writing polemics. He published a magazine called "Demain", that became a point of reference for all who were against the war.^[1] Lenin, Trotsky and Lunacharsky all published in the paper.^[2] Because of his political credo and his strong personality, he was judged by default in France and sentenced to death but managed to escape to Russia with the help of Lenin. He became a Communist and was active in the Comintern. He later opposed Joseph Stalin and supported Leon Trotsky.^[3] Becoming more politically isolated and distant from the French communist movement in the final years of his life, he showed public support for the regime of Bentio Mussolini and collaborated with the French secret services.^[4] Pardoned by the French justice, he died, almost forgotten, in Paris in 1938.

• Media related to Henri Guilbeaux at Wikimedia Commons
• Works by or about Henri Guilbeaux at Internet Archive
• Works by Henri Guilbeaux at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)
• Demain on Worldcat