Herbert Colstoun Gardner, 1st Baron Burghclere, PC (9 June 1846 – 6 May 1921) was a British Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1885 until he was raised to the peerage in 1895. He served as President of the Board of Agriculture between 1892 and 1895.

Gardner was born on 9 June 1846. He was the son of Alan Gardner, 3rd Baron Gardner, by his second wife, the professional actress Juliah Sarah (née Fortescue). However, he was born two years before his parents' marriage and was consequently not allowed to succeed in the barony of Gardner on his father's death in 1883.^[1] He had an older brother who was not formally recognised as the baron; Alan Coulston Gardner who joined the British army and saw action in India and famously in the Anglo-Zulu War^[2]

His paternal grandparents were Alan Gardner, 2nd Baron Gardner, an admiral in the British Navy, and Charlotte (née Smith) Gardner, third daughter of Robert Smith, 1st Baron Carrington. His maternal grandfather was Edward E. T. Fortescue.^[1]

He was educated at Harrow School followed by Trinity Hall, Cambridge.^[3]

While at Cambridge, he was a member and eventually manager of the Amateur Dramatic Club which was 'flourishing exceedingly' under his management. He later acted with the Canterbury Old Stagers for whom he and William Yardley wrote some of the best plays and epilogues they produced.^[3]

In 1867, Gardner was admitted at Inner Temple and was a Deputy Lieutenant of Middlesex.^[4]

On 4 March 1890, Lord Burghclere married Lady Winifred Anne Henrietta Christiana, daughter of Henry Herbert, 4th Earl of Carnarvon and Lady Evelyn Stanhope (a daughter of George Stanhope, 6th Earl of Chesterfield and Anne Stanhope, Countess of Chesterfield). Lady Winifred was the widow of Captain Alfred John George Byng (a son of George Byng, 2nd Earl of Strafford), who died in 1887.^[7] Together, they were the parents of four daughters:^[8]

• Juliet Mary Evelyn Stanhope Gardner (b. 1892), who married Alexander Duncan Cumming-Russell, son of Maj.-Gen. Francis Shirley Russell, in 1916. They divorced in 1922.^[8]
• Alethea Margaret Gwendolin Valentine Gardner (b. 1893), who married Sir Geoffrey Fry, 1st Baronet.^[9]
• Mary Sidney Katharine Almina Gardner (1896–1994), who married Geoffrey Hope-Morley, 2nd Baron Hollenden.^[8]
• Evelyn Florence Margaret Winifred Gardner (1903–1994), who was the first wife of the author Evelyn Waugh.^[8]

Lord Bughclere died in May 1921, aged 74. As he had no sons the barony became extinct on his death. Lady Burghclere died in September 1933, aged 69.^[1]