Herodotus (/hɪˈrɒdətəs/ hirr-OD-ə-təs; Ancient Greek: Ἡρόδοτος, romanized: Hēródotos, Attic Greek pronunciation: [hɛːródotos]) was the name of more than one physician in the time of ancient Greece and Rome:

• A pupil of Athenaeus, or perhaps Agathinus,^[1] who belonged to the Pneumatic school.^[2] He probably lived towards the end of the 1st century AD, and lived at Rome, where he practised medicine with great success.^[1] He wrote some medical works, which are several times quoted by Galen and Oribasius, but of which only some fragments remain.
• The son of Arieus, a native either of Tarsus or Philadelphia, who probably belonged to the Empiric school. He was a pupil of Menodotus of Nicomedia, and tutor to Sextus Empiricus, and lived therefore in the 2nd century AD.^[3]
• The physician mentioned by Galen,^[4] together with Euryphon, as having recommended human milk in cases of consumption, was probably a different person from either of the preceding, and may have been a contemporary of Euryphon in the 5th century BC.