Higher_education_in_Scotland

List of universities in Scotland

List of universities in Scotland

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There are fifteen universities based in Scotland, the Open University, and three other institutions of higher education.[1][2]

Further information: Universities in Scotland
St Salvator's College of the University of St Andrews, built in 1450

The first university in Scotland was St John's College, St Andrews, founded in 1418.[3] St Salvator's College was added to St. Andrews in 1450. The other great bishoprics followed, with the University of Glasgow being founded in 1451 and King's College, Aberdeen in 1495.[4] St Leonard's College was founded in Aberdeen in 1511 and St John's College was re-founded in 1538 as St Mary's College, St Andrews.[5] Public lectures that were established in Edinburgh in the 1540s would eventually become the University of Edinburgh in 1582.[6] In 1641, the two colleges at Aberdeen were united by decree of Charles I (r. 1625–49), to form the ‘King Charles University of Aberdeen’.[7] They were demerged after the Restoration in 1661.[7] In 1747 St Leonard's College in St Andrews was merged into St Salvator's College to form the United College of St Salvator and St Leonard.[8] A new college of St Andrews was opened in Dundee in 1883, though initially an independent institution.[9] The two colleges at Aberdeen were considered too small to be viable and they were restructured as the University of Aberdeen in 1860. Marischal College was rebuilt in the Gothic style from 1900.[10] The University of Edinburgh was taken out of the care of the city and established on a similar basis to the other ancient universities.[10]

After the Robbins Report of 1963 there was a rapid expansion in higher education in Scotland.[11][12] By the end of the decade the number of Scottish Universities had doubled.[13] New universities included the University of Dundee, Strathclyde, Heriot-Watt, and Stirling. From the 1970s the government preferred to expand higher education in the non-university sector and by the late 1980s roughly half of students in higher education were in colleges.[citation needed] In 1992, the distinction between universities and polytechnic colleges/Central institutions was removed.[14] This created new universities at Abertay, Glasgow Caledonian, Napier, Paisley and Robert Gordon.[15] in 2001 the University of the Highlands and Islands was created by a federation of 13 colleges and research institutions in the Highlands and Islands and gained full university status in 2011.[2]

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References

  1. [1]
    "Briefing". Universities Scotland. Archived from the original on 23 July 2011. Retrieved 1 April 2011.
  2. [2]
    "UHI is awarded taught degree awarding powers, news release 26 June 2008, Highland Council website". Government of the United Kingdom. 26 June 2008. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
  3. [3]
    P. Daileader, "Local experiences of the Great Western Schism", in J. Rollo-Koster and T. M. Izbicki, eds, A Companion to the Great Western Schism (1378–1417) (BRILL, 2009), ISBN 9004162771, p. 119.
  4. [4]
    J. Durkan, "Universities: to 1720", in M. Lynch, ed., The Oxford Companion to Scottish History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-19-211696-7, pp. 610–12.
  5. [5]
    J. E. A. Dawson, Scotland Re-Formed, 1488–1587 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007), ISBN 0748614559, p. 187.
  6. [6]
    A. Thomas, "The Renaissance", in T. M. Devine and J. Wormald, The Oxford Handbook of Modern Scottish History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012), ISBN 0-19-162433-0, pp. 196–7.
  7. [7]
    D. Ditchburn, "Educating the Elite: Aberdeen and Its Universities”, in E. P. Dennison, D. Ditchburn and M. Lynch, eds, Aberdeen Before 1800: A New History (Dundurn, 2002), ISBN 1862321140, p. 332.
  8. [8]
    "The Mediaeval University" (PDF). University of St Andrews. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 17 July 2014.
  9. [9]
    R. D. Anderson, "Universities: 2. 1720–1960", in M. Lynch, ed., The Oxford Companion to Scottish History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-19-211696-7, pp. 612–14.
  10. [10]
    O. Checkland and S. G. Checkland, Industry and Ethos: Scotland, 1832–1914 (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1989), ISBN 0748601023, pp. 147–50.
  11. [11]
    Gibney, Elizabeth (23 October 2013). "Robbins: 50 years later". Times Higher Education. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  12. [12]
    Gillard, Derek. "Robbins Report 1963 – extras". educationengland.org.uk. Archived from the original on 19 April 2015. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  13. [13]
    Bryce, T. G. K.; Humes, Walter M. (1 January 2003). Scottish Education: Post-devolution. Edinburgh University Press. p. 678. ISBN 9780748616251.
  14. [14]
    L. Paterson, "Universities: 3. post-Robbins", in M. Lynch, ed., The Oxford Companion to Scottish History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), ISBN 0-19-211696-7, pp. 614–5.
  15. [15]
    R. Shaw, "Institutional and curricular structures in the universities of Scotland" in T. G. K. Bryce and W. M. Humes, eds, Scottish Education: Post-Devolution (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2nd edn., 2003), ISBN 0-7486-1625-X, pp. 664–5.
  16. [16]
    "Where do HE students study? | HESA". www.hesa.ac.uk.
  17. [17]
    "Who's working in HE?". www.hesa.ac.uk.
  18. [18]
    "History". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  19. [19]
    "On This Day: 7th of January". The University of Glasgow Story. Retrieved 29 April 2010.
  20. [20]
    "Universities (Scotland) Act 1858" (PDF). p. 1. Retrieved 27 August 2017. The University and King's College of Aberdeen, and Marischal College and University of Aberdeen shall be united and incorporated into one University and college, in all time coming, under the style and title of the "University of Aberdeen"; and the said united University shall take rank among the Universities of Scotland as from the date of erection of King's College and University, viz., the year one thousand four hundred and ninety-four; and all the funds, properties, and revenues now pertaining or belonging in any manner of way to the University and King's College, or to Marischal College and University, shall in time coming pertain and belong to the University of Aberdeen.
  21. [21]
    MacGregor, Geddes (1990). Scotland: An Intimate Portrait. Mariner Books. ISBN 0395562368.
  22. [22]
    "History of UHI". University of the Highlands and Islands. Archived from the original on 20 June 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
  23. [23]
    "Introducing the University of the Highlands and Islands". University of the Highlands and Islands. Archived from the original on 9 August 2011. Retrieved 4 January 2011.
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