International_recognition_of_Croatia

List of diplomatic relations of Croatia

List of diplomatic relations of Croatia

Establishment of diplomatic relationships with Croatia

The following is a list of countries which Croatia has established diplomatic relations with since the declaration of independence by the Croatian Parliament on 25 June 1991.[1]

Red: Croatia; blue: states Croatia has diplomatic relations with; grey: states Croatia has no diplomatic relations with

History

See also: Independence of Croatia

Croatia and Slovenia declared independence from the SFR Yugoslavia on 25 June 1991. On the next day, the newly independent countries mutually recognised each other.

At the time of dissolution of Yugoslavia, dissolution of the Soviet Union was happening as well. Ukraine and Baltic states, first of them being Lithuania, recognised Croatia in 1991. However, Ukraine was at the time only partially recognised. Despite that, Ukraine has been the first UN member state to recognise Croatia.

The international community did not immediately recognise the dissolution of Yugoslavia or the independence of its constituent republics, and during 1991 the Croatian War of Independence started.

Two countries that prevailed in diplomatic efforts for the international recognition of Croatia were the Holy See and Germany. Vatican diplomacy, as the world's first, announced on October 3, 1991 that it was working on the Croatian international recognition.[2]

Iceland recognised Croatian independence on 19 December 1991.[3] On the same day, Germany announced its intention to recognise Croatia which was to come into effect on 15 January 1992. Italy, Sweden and the Holy See also announced their intention of recognition. Holy See recognised Croatia on 13 January, and San Marino on 14 January 1992.

On 15 January 1992, Croatia was recognised by all 12 members of the European Economic Community (the predecessor of the European Union) as well as by Austria, Canada, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Malta, Norway and Switzerland. By the end of January 1992, Croatia was recognised by 44 countries. Therefore, 15 January is celebrated in Croatia as the Day of International Recognition.

Russia recognised Croatia in February, Japan in March, the United States in April, and India in May 1992.

At the session of the United Nations General Assembly held on 22 May 1992, which was chaired by Saudi ambassador Sinan Shihabi, Croatia was, alongside Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, admitted to the membership of the United Nations. Croatia's UN delegation was led by the Croatian President Franjo Tuđman. After a solemn session, United Nations Secretary-General Boutros Boutros Ghali sent delegations from the new UN members states to the main entrance of the UN headquarters, where Croatian, Slovenian and Bosnian-Herzegovinian flags were erected on the masts. Many diplomats and thousands of Croatian emigrants attended flag hoisting ceremony.[4]

By 31 December 1995, Croatia was recognised by 124 countries.[5] On 9 September 1995, Croatia and FR Yugoslavia concluded a Mutual Reconciliation Agreement which included mutual recognition, and established diplomatic relations on 23 August 1996.[6] Among them are all G20 member states that recognized Croatia.

Chronology

Chronological review of countries having established diplomatic relations with Croatia:[7]

More information Country, Date ...
  1. Predecessor state Czechoslovakia recognized Croatia on 16 January 1992.

No relations

Sovereign states which do not maintain diplomatic relations with Croatia:

See also

References

  1. [1]
    "Hrvatski sabor". www.sabor.hr. Archived from the original on 2015-11-17. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
  2. [2]
    "Tri rođendana: Svaki datum ima povijesno značenje za Hrvatsku".
  3. [3]
    Erceg, Artur. "Pravni fakultet Split - Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu". www.pravst.unist.hr. Faculty of Law, University of Split.
  4. [4]
    "Hrvatska primljena u punopravno članstvo UN-a".
  5. [5]
    "Hrvatski memorijalno-dokumentacijski centar Domovinskog rata". www.centardomovinskograta.hr. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
  6. [6]
    Zlatko (2010-10-04). "ZAKON | O POTVRĐIVANJU SPORAZUMA O NORMALIZACIJI ODNOSA IZMEĐU REPUBLIKE HRVATSKE I SAVEZNE REPUBLIKE JUGOSLAVIJE" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
  7. [7]
    "Bilateral relations - Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Croatia. Retrieved 30 April 2022.
  8. [8]
    "MVPEI". Archived from the original on 2010-08-13. Retrieved 2011-12-18.
  9. [9]
    Sudan, South (16 November 2021). "Diplomatic Relations Between Croatia and South Sudan as of 16 Nov. 2021". Retrieved 1 December 2021.
  10. [10]
    "https://twitter.com/MVEP_hr/status/1703843805537960169". X (formerly Twitter). Retrieved 2023-09-27. {{cite web}}: External link in |title= (help)
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