Israel competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. This was Israel's fourteenth participation in the Summer Olympics.

Israel sent 43 athletes to compete in Beijing, the largest Israeli delegation in Olympic history, with the previous record having been 40 in 2000, and was broken in 2016 with 47.^[2] The Olympic team was split 23 men and 20 women, which is the largest share of women in Israel's summer Olympic history. This was the youngest delegation in Israel's Olympic history, with about half the team under the age of 23, and many of them were expected to reach their peak in time for the 2012 Olympics in London.

Shooter Guy Starik became the second Israeli in Olympic history to participate in 4 Olympic Games. Three athletes made their third Olympic appearance: pole vaulter Aleksandr Averbukh, who has two European championship titles, two world championship medals and two Olympic finals in his resume, judoka Ariel Ze'evi, three-times European champion and bronze medalist in 2004 Summer Olympics, and canoer Michael Kolganov, former world champion and bronze medalist in 2000 Summer Olympics, who was the flagbearer for Israel in the opening ceremony.^[1] 12 other athletes made their second Olympic appearance, while 27 athletes made their Olympic debut at Beijing.

Israel made its Olympic debut in Beijing in the team event in rhythmic gymnastics, women's épée in fencing, women's one-person dinghy (Laser Radial) in sailing, and women's doubles in tennis.

Among the medal hopefuls were Ariel Ze'evi, and also Udi Gal and Gideon Kliger, 3-times world bronze medalists in sailing 470 class, Shahar Tzuberi, world bronze medalist in sailboard Neil Pryde RS:X class, and tennis men's double team Jonathan Erlich and Andy Ram, winners of the 2008 Australian Open and #3 seeds in the Olympic tournament.

The largest delegation in Israel's Olympic history won just one bronze medal by Shahar Tzuberi in this Olympics, which was below the expectations of the National Olympic committee. However, beside disappointment from failures of medal hopefuls, such as Arik Ze'evi, Udi Gal and Gideon Kliger, and Jonathan Erlich and Andy Ram, there were some fine performances from other athletes.

The sailing team was close to win another medal by Vered Buskila and Nike Kornecki in women's 470 class, who finished in fourth place, while Maayan Davidovich became the first Israeli female windsurfer to place in the top 10.

The Gymnasts excelled and recorded first finals in Israel Olympic history by Alex Shatilov, 8th in men's floor (best achievement in artistic gymnastics), the rhythmic team placed sixth on its debut in the team all-around event, while Irina Risenzon placed 9th in the rhythmic individual all-around event. Also the 14th place of Neta Rivkin, the youngest member of the Olympic team, was a good achievement.

There were plenty of national records in the swimming pool – 11 in 17 races – and 3 swimmers achieved 4 top-16 places between them, more than any previous Olympics. Gal Nevo was the best of them, with 11th place in 400 metres individual medley and 13th place in 200 metres individual medley. Nimrod Shapira Bar-Or got 15th place in 200 metres freestyle, and Guy Barne'a 16th in 100 metres backstroke.

Among the other sports, there was only one notable achievement, Gal Yekutiel's fifth place in judo, which was beyond the expectations from him.

In shooting, 4-times Olympian Guy Starik came close to the final of the rifle prone event, but a miss on the final shot placed him in 12th place, losing on tie break to the 4 shooters ranked above him.

On the down side, all four athletes in track-and-field failed to reach their expected results, all three fencers were eliminated in their first bouts, and four tennis players recorded just one win between them (by Shahar Pe'er) before being eliminated.

Four athletes represented Israel in Beijing.^{[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]}

Men

Track & road events

Field events

Delila Hatuel, Noam Mills and Tomer Or represented Israel.^{[19][20][21][22][23][24]}

Men

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final / BM
		Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Rank
Tomer Or	Individual foil	McGuire (CAN) L 10–11	Did not advance

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Women

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Round of 64	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final / BM
		Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Rank
Noam Mills	Individual épée	—	Flessel-Colovic (FRA) L 8–15	Did not advance
Delila Hatuel	Individual foil	Bye	Nikichina (RUS) L 9–10	Did not advance

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3 judoka represented Israel.^[31][32][33]

Men

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Preliminary	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Repechage 1	Repechage 2	Repechage 3	Final / BM
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Gal Yekutiel	−60 kg	Bye	Khashbaatar (MGL) W 0001–0000	Dragin (FRA) L 0001–1001	Did not advance		Khergiani (GEO) W 0001–0000	Kishmakov (RUS) W 0001–0000	Fallon (GBR) W 0200–0101	Houkes (NED) L 0000–1012	5
Ariel Ze'evi	−100 kg	—	Demontfaucon (FRA) W 0010–0001	Grol (NED) L 0001–0010	Did not advance		Corrêa (BRA) L 0001–0011	Did not advance

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Women

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Repechage 1	Repechage 2	Repechage 3	Final / BM
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Alice Schlesinger	−63 kg	Bye	Décosse (FRA) L 0000–0011	Did not advance		Žolnir (SLO) L 0000–1001	Did not advance

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Seven sailors in five boats represented Israel in Beijing.^{[34][35][36][37][38]}

Men

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Race											Net points	Final rank
		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	M*
Shahar Tzuberi	RS:X	1	3	1	3	17	6	19	18	1	4	2	58
Udi Gal Gideon Kliger	470	13	16	13	14	30 BFD	11	15	2	12	12	EL	108	14

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Women

Three shooters represented Israel in Beijing ^[39]

Men

Seven swimmers represented Israel in the Olympics.^{[3][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]}

Men

Women

Anastasia Gloushkov and Inna Yoffe represented Israel.^[47]

Bat-El Gatterer competed in Taekwondo.^[48]

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Repechage	Bronze Medal	Final
		Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Bat-El Gatterer	Women's −57 kg	Zubčić (CRO) L 3–4	Did not advance

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Jonathan Erlich, Andy Ram, Tzipora Obziler and Shahar Pe'er competed in tennis.^{[49][50][51][52]}

More information Athlete, Event ...

Athlete	Event	Round of 64	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final / BM
		Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Opposition Score	Rank
Jonathan Erlich Andy Ram	Men's doubles	—	Clément / Llodra (FRA) L 4–6, 4–6	Did not advance
Tzipora Obziler	Women's singles	Koryttseva (UKR) L 5–7, 7–5, 4–6	Did not advance
Shahar Pe'er		Cîrstea (ROU) W 6–3, 5–7, 6–0	Zvonareva (RUS) L 3–6, 6–7(4–7)	Did not advance
Tzipora Obziler Shahar Pe'er	Women's doubles	—	Dulko / Jozami (ARG) L 3–6, 2–6	Did not advance

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• Israel at the 2008 Summer Paralympics