Italian submarine Comandante Cappellini was a World War II Italian Marcello-class submarine built for the Italian Royal Navy (Italian: Regia Marina). After Italy's surrender, the submarine was captured by the Japanese and handed over to Germany as UIT-24. Following the capitulation of Germany, the Japanese integrated the boat into their fleet as I-503 (Japanese: 伊号第五百三潜水艦). Following the end of the war, the United States scuttled the submarine in 1946.

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Quick Facts History, Italy ...

German submarine UIT24 in the Inland Sea, Japan in August 1944.
History
Italy
Name	Comandante Cappellini
Laid down	25 April 1938
Launched	14 May 1939
Commissioned	23 September 1939
Renamed	Aquilla III in May 1943
Fate	Captured by Japan on 10 September 1943 and handed over to Germany
Service record as Comandante Cappellini
Commanders:	C.C. Cristiano Masi C.C. Salvatore Todaro T.V. Aldo Lenzi T.V. Marco Revedin C.C. Walter Auconi
Victories:	5 merchant ships sunk (31,648 GRT)
Nazi Germany
Name	UIT-24
Acquired	10 September 1943
Commissioned	6 December 1943
Fate	Incorporated into Japanese Navy after German surrender on 10 May 1945
Notes	Mixed Italian / German crew
Service record as UIT-24[1]
Part of:	12th U-boat Flotilla December 1943 – September 1944 33rd U-boat Flotilla October 1944 – May 1945
Identification codes:	M 31 365
Commanders:	Oblt.z.S. Heinrich Pahls[2] 6 December 1943 – 8 May 1945
Operations:	6 patrols
Victories:	None
Japan
Name	I-503
Acquired	10 May 1945
Commissioned	14 July 1945
Fate	Captured by the U.S. Navy in August 1945 and scuttled on 16 April 1946
Notes	Mixed Italian / German / Japanese crew
Service record as I-503[3]
Commanders:	Kaigun-tai-i Shuzo Hirota[Note 1] 14 July – 30 October 1945 Kaigun-tai-i Chiaki Tanaka[Note 1] 30 October – 1 December 1945
Operations:	None
Victories:	None
General characteristics
Class and type	Marcello-class submarine
Displacement	1,060 long tons (1,077 t) surfaced 1,313 long tons (1,334 t) submerged
Length	73 m (239 ft 6 in)
Beam	7.19 m (23 ft 7 in)
Draught	5.1 m (16 ft 9 in)
Propulsion	Diesel-electric 2 × Fiat diesel engines 2 × CRDA electric motors
Speed	17.4 knots (32.2 km/h; 20.0 mph) surfaced 8 knots (15 km/h; 9.2 mph) submerged
Complement	58
Armament	8 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes (4 bow, 4 stern) 2 × 100 mm (4 in)/47 caliber guns 4 × 13.2 mm (0.52 in) machine guns

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Operating under the command of Capitano di corvetta Cristiano Masi, later Capitano di corvetta Salvatore Todaro, then of Tenente di vascello Aldo Lenzi, later of Tenente di vascello Marco Revedin and Capitano di corvetta Walter Auconi, Comandante Cappellini carried out several war patrols in the Atlantic Ocean while based in BETASOM, sinking 31,648 gross registered ton of enemy shipping. She participated in the rescue of the survivors of the Laconia in September 1942. Was later converted to the transport of strategic materials to and from Japan.^[4] After Italy's capitulation in 1943, the submarine was captured by the Imperial Japanese Navy and handed over to Germany at Sabang on 10 September 1943. Commissioned into the Kriegsmarine as foreign U-boat UIT-24 and assigned to 12th U-boat Flotilla with a mixed Italian and German crew. She remained in the Pacific because of failed attempts to return to the 12th Flotilla base at Bordeaux in occupied France.

At Germany's surrender in May 1945, the submarine was taken over and commissioned into the Imperial Japanese Navy as I-503 (her crew now a mixture of Italians, Germans, and Japanese) and shuttled between ports as a transport submarine. At Japan's surrender in August 1945, she was seized by the United States Navy, which scuttled her off Kobe on 16 April 1946.

Cappellini is mentioned (and seen briefly in some scenes) in the 2011 TV movie The Sinking of the Laconia. The "Capellini" and her crew are the main subject of a Japanese two hour TV 2022 special "Sensuikan Cappellini-go no Boken" (The adventure of the Submarine Cappellini). The vessel plays a central part in the upcoming 2023 Italian war film Comandante.^[5]

• Italian submarines of World War II