Judicial_appointment_history_for_United_States_federal_courts
Judicial appointment history for United States federal courts
List of appointments to federal judgeships by court type
The appointment of federal judges for United States federal courts is done via nomination by the President of the United States and confirmation by the United States Senate. The tables below provide the composition of all Article III courts which include the Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeals at the end of each four year presidential term, as well as the current compositions of the District Courts and the Court of International Trade, categorizing the judges by the presidential term during which they were first appointed to their seats.
As of June 30, 2022, of the 9 justices of the Supreme Court, 6 were appointed by a Republican president, and 3 were appointed by a Democratic president.[1][2][3]
As of March 19, 2024, of the 179 Courts of Appeals judges, 91 were appointed by Republican presidents, compared to 86 by Democratic presidents. Out of the 13 federal appeals courts, Democratic appointees have a majority on 7 courts, whereas Republican appointees have a majority on 6 courts.[4]
As of April 10, 2024, of the 680 district court judges, 366 were appointed by Democratic presidents compared to 274 by Republican ones. Within the individual circuit jurisdictions, Democratic presidents have appointed majorities in 8 circuits while Republican presidents have appointed a majority in 4 circuits.[5][6]
The party of the president who appointed a judge is generally a consistent indicator of that judge's judicial philosophy and place on the political spectrum, especially in modern times, although there are cases where judges stray from their appointers.[7] Federal judges often strategically time their retirement so as to give the president of the same party that first appointed them an opportunity to nominate the successor.[8][9][10][11]
More information Acronym, President ...
| Acronym | President | Term | Date range |
|---|---|---|---|
| JRB | Joe Biden | current | January 20, 2021 - present |
| DJT | Donald Trump | only | January 20, 2017 - January 20, 2021 |
| BHO 2 | Barack Obama | second | January 20, 2013 - January 20, 2017 |
| BHO 1 | Barack Obama | first | January 20, 2009 - January 20, 2013 |
| GWB 2 | George W. Bush | second | January 20, 2005 - January 20, 2009 |
| GWB 1 | George W. Bush | first | January 20, 2001 - January 20, 2005 |
| WJC 2 | Bill Clinton | second | January 20, 1997 - January 20, 2001 |
| WJC 1 | Bill Clinton | first | January 20, 1993 - January 20, 1997 |
| GHWB | George H. W. Bush | only | January 20, 1989 - January 20, 1993 |
| RWR 2 | Ronald Reagan | second | January 20, 1985 - January 20, 1989 |
| RWR 1 | Ronald Reagan | first | January 20, 1981 - January 20, 1985 |
| JEC | Jimmy Carter | only | January 20, 1977 - January 20, 1981 |
| RMN/GRF | Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford | split | January 20, 1973 - January 20, 1977 |
| RMN 1 | Richard Nixon | first | January 20, 1969 - January 20, 1973 |
| LBJ 2 | Lyndon B. Johnson | second | January 20, 1965 - January 20, 1969 |
| JFK/LBJ | John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson | split | January 20, 1961 - January 20, 1965 |
| DDE 2 | Dwight Eisenhower | second | January 20, 1957 - January 20, 1961 |
| DDE 1 | Dwight Eisenhower | first | January 20, 1953 - January 20, 1957 |
| HST 2 | Harry Truman | second | January 20, 1949 - January 20, 1953 |
| FDR/HST | Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman | split | January 20, 1945 - January 20, 1949 |
| FDR 3 | Franklin Roosevelt | third | January 20, 1941 - January 20, 1945 |
| FDR 2 | Franklin Roosevelt | second | January 20, 1937 - January 20, 1941 |
| FDR 1 | Franklin Roosevelt | first | March 4, 1933 - January 20, 1937 |
| HCH | Herbert Hoover | only | March 4, 1929 - March 4, 1933 |
| JCC 2 | Calvin Coolidge | second | March 4, 1925 - March 4, 1929 |
| WGH/JCC | Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge | split | March 4, 1921 - March 4, 1925 |
| TWW 2 | Woodrow Wilson | second | March 4, 1917 - March 4, 1921 |
| TWW 1 | Woodrow Wilson | first | March 4, 1913 - March 4, 1917 |
| WHT | William Howard Taft | only | March 4, 1909 - March 4, 1913 |
| TR 2 | Theodore Roosevelt | second | March 4, 1905 - March 4, 1909 |
| WMK/TR | William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt | split | March 4, 1901 - March 4, 1905 |
| WMK 1 | William McKinley | first | March 4, 1897 - March 4, 1901 |
| SGC 2 | Grover Cleveland | second | March 4, 1893 - March 4, 1897 |
| BH | Benjamin Harrison | only | March 4, 1889 - March 4, 1893 |
| SGC 1 | Grover Cleveland | first | March 4, 1885 - March 4, 1889 |
| JAG/CAA | James A. Garfield and Chester A. Arthur | split | March 4, 1881 - March 4, 1885 |
| RBH | Rutherford B. Hayes | only | March 4, 1877 - March 4, 1881 |
| USG 2 | Ulysses S. Grant | second | March 4, 1873 - March 4, 1877 |
| USG 1 | Ulysses S. Grant | first | March 4, 1869 - March 4, 1873 |
| AL/AJ | Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson | split | March 4, 1865 - March 4, 1869 |
| AL 1 | Abraham Lincoln | first | March 4, 1861 - March 4, 1865 |
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The Supreme Court of the United States was established by the Constitution of the United States. Originally, the Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of justices at six. However, as the nation's boundaries grew across the continent and as Supreme Court justices in those days had to ride the circuit, an arduous process requiring long travel on horseback or carriage over harsh terrain that resulted in months-long extended stays away from home, Congress added justices to correspond with the growth: seven in 1807, nine in 1837, and ten in 1863.[12][13] The Judicial Circuits Act of 1866 then set the number to gradually be reduced to seven through the retirement or death of current associate justices. The court was down to eight when the Judiciary Act of 1869 restored the number to nine.
As of April 7, 2022[update]:[3]
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 | DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | 3 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 9 | 8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — |
| 1989 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 |
| 1981 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
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More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 | DDE 1 | HST 2 | FDR /HST | FDR 3 | FDR 2 | FDR 1 | HCH | JCC 2 | WGH /JCC | TWW 2 | TWW 1 | WHT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1977 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1973 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1969 | 9 | 4 | 5 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1965 | 9 | 4 | 5 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1961 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1957 | 9 | 3 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1953 | 9 | 0 | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1949 | 9 | 0 | 9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1945 | 9 | 2 | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 5 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1941 | 9 | 3 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1937 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 |
| 1933 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 |
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More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JCC 2 | WGH /JCC | TWW 2 | TWW 1 | WHT | TR 2 | WMK /TR | WMK 1 | SGC 2 | BH | SGC 1 | JAG /CAA |
RBH | USG 2 | USG 1 | AL /AJ | AL 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1929 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | 1 | 4 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1925 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | 4 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1921 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1917 | 9 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1913 | 9 | 8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1909 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1905 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1901 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1897 | 9 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1893 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1889 | 9 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 2 |
| 1885 | 9 | 9 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 |
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The United States courts of appeals were established by the Judiciary Act of 1891 as "United States circuit courts of appeals" (the name was changed to its current form in 1948). The act authorized 19 appellate judgeships in 9 circuits. Since then, the number of authorized appellate judgeships has increased to 179.[14]
Summary of 13 circuits combined
As of March 19, 2024[update]:[15]
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 | DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 179 | 91 | 86 | 2 | 40 | 53 | 23 | 13 | 16 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 179 | 96 | 81 | 2 | — | 53 | 24 | 26 | 17 | 15 | 17 | 14 | 5 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 179 | 72 | 90 | 17 | — | — | 25 | 28 | 23 | 26 | 22 | 14 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 179 | 84 | 78 | 17 | — | — | — | 30 | 24 | 30 | 26 | 17 | 12 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009* | 178 | 100 | 66 | 12 | — | — | — | — | 24 | 32 | 34 | 25 | 21 | 15 | 7 | 7 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 179 | 94 | 69 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — | 35 | 35 | 25 | 29 | 20 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 179 | 76 | 78 | 25 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 35 | 29 | 35 | 28 | 11 | 14 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 179 | 105 | 53 | 21 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 29 | 40 | 45 | 14 | 22 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1993 | 179 | 119 | 42 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 40 | 50 | 20 | 40 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1989 | 168 | 96 | 62 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 50 | 26 | 53 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 168 | 66 | 76 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 33 | 57 | 15 | 17 | 14 | 5 | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 140 | 50 | 86 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 59 | 16 | 30 | 19 | 8 | 2 | 1 |
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- There were temporarily 178 appellate federal judgeships, due to the elimination of a 12th seat on the D.C. Circuit by Section 509 of the Court Security Improvement Act of 2007.[16] That Act also provided for the creation of a 29th seat on the Ninth Circuit in January 2009 which increased the number of authorized appellate judgeships back to 179.
As of January 30, 2024[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 | DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 100% | 51% | 48% | 1% | 22% | 30% | 13% | 7% | 9% | 7% | 4% | 1% | 3% | 2% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 100% | 54% | 45% | 1% | — | 30% | 13% | 15% | 9% | 8% | 9% | 8% | 3% | 2% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 100% | 40% | 50% | 9% | — | — | 14% | 16% | 13% | 15% | 12% | 8% | 5% | 4% | 3% | 1% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 100% | 47% | 44% | 9% | — | — | — | 17% | 13% | 17% | 15% | 9% | 7% | 6% | 4% | 3% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 100% | 56% | 37% | 7% | — | — | — | — | 13% | 18% | 19% | 14% | 12% | 8% | 4% | 4% | 1% | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 100% | 53% | 39% | 9% | — | — | — | — | — | 20% | 20% | 14% | 16% | 11% | 4% | 5% | 1% | 1% | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 100% | 42% | 44% | 14% | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20% | 16% | 20% | 16% | 6% | 8% | 1% | 1% | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 100% | 59% | 30% | 12% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 16% | 22% | 25% | 8% | 12% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 1% | 1% | — |
| 1993 | 100% | 67% | 23% | 10% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 22% | 28% | 11% | 22% | 3% | 2% | 1% | 1% | 1% | — |
| 1989 | 100% | 57% | 37% | 6% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 30% | 16% | 32% | 5% | 6% | 5% | 1% | 1% | — |
| 1985 | 100% | 39% | 45% | 16% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 20% | 34% | 9% | 10% | 8% | 3% | 1% | — |
| 1981 | 100% | 36% | 61% | 3% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 42% | 11% | 21% | 14% | 6% | 1% | 1% |
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Partisan mix of the circuit courts
As of January 30, 2024[update]:
More information Appeals Court, Total number of seats ...
| Appeals Court | Total number of seats | Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Republicans | Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Democrats | Republican/ Democrat/ vacant | Percentage of total seats appointed by Republicans | Percentage of total seats appointed by Democrats | Percentage of total seats currently vacant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 6 | 0% | 100% | 0 / 5 / 1 | 0% | 83% | 17% |
| 2nd | 13 | 46% | 54% | 6 / 7 / 0 | 46% | 54% | 0% |
| 3rd | 14 | 54% | 46% | 7 / 6 / 1 | 50% | 43% | 7% |
| 4th | 15 | 40% | 60% | 6 / 9 / 0 | 40% | 60% | 0% |
| 5th | 17 | 71% | 29% | 12 / 5 / 0 | 71% | 29% | 0% |
| 6th | 16 | 63% | 37% | 10 / 6 / 0 | 63% | 37% | 0% |
| 7th | 11 | 64% | 36% | 7 / 4 / 0 | 64% | 36% | 0% |
| 8th | 11 | 91% | 9% | 10 / 1 / 0 | 91% | 9% | 0% |
| 9th | 29 | 45% | 55% | 13 / 16/ 0 | 45% | 55% | 0% |
| 10th | 12 | 42% | 58% | 5 / 7 / 0 | 42% | 58% | 0% |
| 11th | 12 | 58% | 42% | 7 / 5 / 0 | 58% | 42% | 0% |
| D.C. | 11 | 36% | 64% | 4 / 7 / 0 | 36% | 64% | 0% |
| Federal | 12 | 33% | 67% | 4 / 8 / 0 | 33% | 67% | 0% |
| Total of 13 circuits | 179 | 52% | 48% | 91 / 86 / 2 | 51% | 48% | 1% |
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First Circuit
as of June 20, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 6 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 6 | 2 | 4 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 6 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
| 1985 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 4 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
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Second Circuit
as of March 9, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 13 | 6 | 7 | — | 6 | 5 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 13 | 7 | 6 | — | — | 5 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 13 | 4 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 13 | 5 | 8 | — | — | — | — | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 13 | 6 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 13 | 6 | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 5 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 13 | 2 | 10 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 4 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 13 | 5 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 13 | 10 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 13 | 9 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 13 | 7 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 |
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Third Circuit
as of June 15, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 14 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 14 | 8 | 6 | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 14 | 5 | 7 | 2 | — | — | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 14 | 6 | 7 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 14 | 6 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 14 | 7 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 14 | 6 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 7 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 14 | 11 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 7 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 12 | 9 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 |
| 1985 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 |
| 1981 | 10 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 5 | 2 |
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Fourth Circuit
as of March 19, 2024[ref]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 15 | 6 | 9 | — | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 15 | 6 | 9 | — | — | 3 | 1 | 5 | 1 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 15 | 5 | 10 | — | — | — | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 15 | 5 | 10 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 15 | 6 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 15 | 8 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 15 | 6 | 5 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 15 | 9 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 15 | 9 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — |
| 1985 | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — |
| 1981 | 10 | 4 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 |
Close
- Roger Gregory, who was given a one-year recess appointment in Bill Clinton's second term and was subsequently given a lifetime appointment in George W. Bush's first term, is counted as a Clinton appointee on this page.
Fifth Circuit
as of December 4, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 | DDE 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 17 | 12 | 5 | — | 2 | 6 | — | 2 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 17 | 12 | 5 | — | — | 6 | 1 | 2 | 4 | — | — | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 17 | 9 | 5 | 3 | — | — | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | — | 2 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 17 | 10 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 2 | — | 2 | — | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 17 | 13 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | — | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 17 | 11 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 17 | 9 | 5 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 17 | 11 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 17 | 11 | 2 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 16 | 9 | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1985 | 16 | 7 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 7 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1981 | 14 | 3 | 10 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 1 |
Close
- The 5th Circuit judges who were transferred to the 11th Circuit in late 1981 are not included in the 5th Circuit numbers for 1981 for trend comparison purposes.
Sixth Circuit
as of July 18, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 16 | 10 | 6 | — | 3 | 6 | — | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 16 | 11 | 5 | — | — | 6 | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 16 | 10 | 6 | — | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 16 | 10 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 16 | 6 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 16 | 5 | 7 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 16 | 7 | 6 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 4 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 16 | 9 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 5 | 1 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 16 | 10 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 1985 | 16 | 6 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 5 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 11 | 3 | 7 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 |
Close
Seventh Circuit
as of January 29, 2024[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 11 | 7 | 4 | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 1 | — | 4 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 11 | 7 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1993 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| 1989 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 11 | 6 | 2 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
Close
Eighth Circuit
as of January 27, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 11 | 10 | 1 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 11 | 10 | 1 | — | — | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 5 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 11 | 8 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 11 | 9 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3 | 2 | — | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 10 | 4 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | 3 |
| 1981 | 9 | 3 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
Close
Ninth Circuit
as of November 13, 2023[ref]:[17]
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 29 | 13 | 16 | — | 8 | 10 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 29 | 13 | 16 | — | — | 10 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 29 | 7 | 18 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 29 | 9 | 19 | 1 | — | — | — | 5 | 3 | 4 | 11 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 28 | 11 | 16 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 28 | 8 | 16 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 28 | 7 | 18 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11 | 3 | 4 | 3 | — | 4 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 28 | 11 | 9 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | 7 | — | 5 | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1993 | 28 | 15 | 12 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 7 | 3 | 11 | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| 1989 | 28 | 12 | 13 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 3 | 12 | — | 2 | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 28 | 8 | 16 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 15 | 3 | 2 | — | 1 |
| 1981 | 23 | 7 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 15 | 3 | 4 | — | 1 |
Close
Tenth Circuit
As of December 11, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 12 | 5 | 7 | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 12 | 5 | 7 | — | — | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 12 | 5 | 7 | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 12 | 6 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 12 | 8 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 4 | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | — | 4 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 4 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 1 | 6 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 6 | — | 3 | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 10 | 6 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 6 | — | 3 | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 10 | 1 | 4 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 1 | 1 | — |
| 1981 | 8 | 3 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Close
Eleventh Circuit
As of May 18, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | 6 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 12 | 3 | 8 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| 2013 | 12 | 4 | 6 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| 2009 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 4 | 2 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — |
| 1993 | 12 | 8 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 2 | — | 3 | 2 | — | — |
| 1989 | 12 | 6 | 6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | — | 6 | 3 | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 7 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
Close
- The 11th Circuit was created in 1981. The judges that were transferred from the 5th Circuit to the 11th Circuit are shown in 1981 for trend comparison purposes.
D.C. Circuit
as of May 15, 2023[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | 3 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | — | 3 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | — | — | 4 | — | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 11 | 6 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 6 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 2 | 4 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 1993 | 12 | 7 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 5 | — | 4 | — | — | — | — |
| 1989 | 12 | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 1 | 4 | — | — | 1 | — |
| 1985 | 12 | 3 | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 4 | — | — | 2 | 1 |
| 1981 | 11 | 3 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | — | 3 | 2 | 2 |
Close
Federal Circuit
as of March 16, 2022[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN 1 | LBJ 2 | JFK /LBJ | DDE 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | 2 | — | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 12 | 4 | 8 | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2013 | 12 | 5 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2009 | 12 | 8 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2005 | 12 | 8 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2001 | 12 | 7 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 5 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1993 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| 1989 | 12 | 7 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| 1985 | 12 | 7 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | 11 | 6 | 5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Close
- The Federal Circuit was created in 1982. The judges from the courts that were combined into the Federal Circuit are shown in 1981 for trend comparison purposes.
See also: United States district court
Summary of 91 district courts
as of April 10, 2024[update]:[15]
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 | JEC | RMN /GRF | RMN | LBJ 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 680 | 274 | 366 | 40 | 146 | 171 | 115 | 85 | 47 | 45 | 13 | 8 | 5 | 4 | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 678 | 318 | 317 | 43 | — | 173 | 124 | 136 | 64 | 64 | 34 | 22 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — |
| 2017 | 678 | 242 | 347 | 89 | — | — | 126 | 138 | 87 | 120 | 47 | 33 | 18 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 |
| 2013 | 679 | 324 | 290 | 65 | — | — | — | 141 | 89 | 154 | 80 | 63 | 47 | 24 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2009 | 680 | 373 | 267 | 40 | — | — | — | — | 93 | 162 | 129 | 126 | 69 | 35 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2005 | 680 | 350 | 309 | 21 | — | — | — | — | — | 169 | 134 | 152 | 98 | 56 | 22 | 22 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| 2001 | 669 | 271 | 340 | 58 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 136 | 167 | 133 | 91 | 39 | 36 | 5 | 3 | 1 |
Close
- Congress has authorized 680 district judgeships including 676 Article III judgeships for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico plus 4 Article IV judgeships for Guam, Northern Marianas, and the Virgin Islands. The 676 Article III judgeships include 666 permanent and 10 temporary judgeships.[18]
- However, the number of total authorized Article III District Judge positions is currently higher than 676 (681 in 2023) because four judges are authorized to serve a collective five additional judicial districts: one two-District (Trump-nominated) Judge in the Sixth, two two-District (one vacant & one Obama-nominated) Judges in the Eighth and one three-district (Trump-nominated) Judge in the Tenth Circuit – see individual districts below for more details.
- As of March 24, 2024, the senate has confirmed four Biden judges that would ultimately replace current judges that have announced their future retirement or going senior date. Three of those retiring judges were appointed by Democratic presidents. Those changes are reflected in the summary above. One judge was appointed by GWB and retires on Jan 1, 2025. That judge is not reflected in the total above or in the table for Rhode Island. Hence the count above is off by one as of March 24, 2024.
Partisan mix of the district courts
as of March 24, 2024[update]:
More information District courts under the appeals court, Totalnumber of seats ...
| District courts under the appeals court | Total number of seats | Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Republicans | Percentage of occupied seats appointed by Democrats | Republican/ Democrat/ vacant | Percentage of total seats appointed by Republicans | Percentage of total seats appointed by Democrats | Percentage of total seats currently vacant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 29 | 31% | 69% | 9 / 20 / 0 | 31% | 69% | 0% |
| 2nd | 63 | 24% | 76% | 14 / 46 / 3 | 22% | 73% | 5% |
| 3rd | 59 | 43% | 57% | 23 / 33 / 3 | 39% | 55% | 6% |
| 4th | 56 | 44% | 56% | 24 / 31 / 1 | 43% | 55% | 2% |
| 5th | 83 | 64% | 36% | 46 / 28 / 9 | 55% | 34% | 11% |
| 6th | 63 | 56% | 44% | 34 / 27 / 2 | 54% | 43% | 3% |
| 7th | 48 | 36% | 64% | 17 / 30 / 1 | 36% | 62% | 2% |
| 8th | 44 | 38% | 62% | 14 / 23 / 7 | 32% | 52% | 16% |
| 9th | 110 | 25% | 75% | 25 / 79 / 6 | 23% | 71% | 6% |
| 10th | 41 | 58% | 42% | 23 / 17 / 1 | 56% | 42% | 2% |
| 11th | 69 | 64% | 36% | 41 / 23 / 5 | 60% | 33% | 7% |
| D.C. | 15 | 29% | 71% | 4 / 9 / 2 | 27% | 60% | 13% |
| Total of 91 District Courts | 680 | 43% | 57% | 274 / 366 / 40 | 40% | 54% | 6% |
Close
District courts in the First Circuit
As of December 31, 2023[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Maine | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Massachusetts | 13 | 2 | 11 | — | 4 | — | 4 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 2 | 1 |
| D. of New Hampshire | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Puerto Rico | 7 | 3 | 4 | — | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Rhode Island | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| Total | 29 | 9 | 20 | — | 8 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 |
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District courts in the Second Circuit
as of January 31, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Connecticut | 8 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of New York | 16 | 4 | 12 | — | 7 | 4 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of New York | 5 | 1 | 4 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| S.D. of New York | 28 | 6 | 21 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| W.D. of New York | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Vermont | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 63 | 14 | 46 | 3 | 17 | 10 | 16 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
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District courts in the Third Circuit
As of March 20, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Delaware | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of New Jersey | 17 | 2 | 15 | — | 10 | — | 2 | 3 | 2 | — |
| E.D. of Pennsylvania | 22 | 9 | 11 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 7 | — | 1 | 3 |
| M.D. of Pennsylvania | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| W.D. of Pennsylvania | 10 | 8 | 2 | — | — | 8 | — | 2 | — | — |
| Total | 59 | 23 | 33 | 3 | 18 | 16 | 9 | 6 | 3 | 4 |
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District courts in the Fourth Circuit
As of January 24, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Maryland | 10 | 1 | 9 | — | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of North Carolina | 4 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| M.D. of North Carolina | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of North Carolina | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of South Carolina | 10 | 5 | 5 | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| E.D. of Virginia | 11 | 4 | 7 | — | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Virginia | 4 | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of West Virginia | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of West Virginia | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| Total | 56 | 24 | 31 | 1 | 12 | 12 | 6 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 |
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District courts in the Fifth Circuit
As of March 22, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 | RWR 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E.D. of Louisiana | 12 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | — | 3 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| M.D. of Louisiana | 3 | — | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Louisiana | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Mississippi | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Mississippi | 6 | 5 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| E.D. of Texas | 8 | 5 | 3 | — | — | 4 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Texas | 12 | 10 | 1 | 1 | — | 6 | — | — | 1 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Texas | 19 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 |
| W.D. of Texas | 13 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 3 | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| Total | 83 | 46 | 28 | 9 | 6 | 27 | 9 | 9 | 4 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
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District courts in the Sixth Circuit
As of April 9, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E.D. of Kentucky | 6 | 6 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | 3 | — | — |
| W.D. of Kentucky | 5 | 3 | 2 | — | — | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Michigan | 15 | 3 | 12 | — | 6 | — | 4 | 2 | 3 | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Michigan | 4 | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Ohio | 11 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — |
| S.D. of Ohio | 8 | 5 | 3 | — | 1 | 4 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| E.D. of Tennessee | 5 | 4 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| M.D. of Tennessee | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — |
| W.D. of Tennessee | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| Total | 63 | 34 | 27 | 2 | 11 | 20 | 9 | 4 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 1 |
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Note: Judge Claria Horn Boom (Trump appointee) currently serves both the Eastern & Western Districts of Kentucky
District courts in the Seventh Circuit
As of March 12, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C.D. of Illinois | 4 | — | 4 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Illinois | 23 | 8 | 15 | — | 6 | 6 | 5 | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Illinois | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Indiana | 5 | 3 | 2 | — | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | – | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Indiana | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Wisconsin | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| W.D. of Wisconsin | 2 | — | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 48 | 17 | 30 | 1 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 2 | — | — | 1 |
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District courts in the Eighth Circuit
As of April 9, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E.D. of Arkansas | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — |
| W.D. of Arkansas | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Iowa | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Iowa | 3 | — | 3 | — | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — |
| D. Minnesota | 7 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — |
| E.D. of Missouri | 9 | 4 | 2 | 3 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — |
| W.D. of Missouri | 7 | 1 | 5 | 1 | — | — | 3 | 2 | 1 | — | — |
| D. of Nebraska | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of North Dakota | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of South Dakota | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| Total | 44 | 14 | 23 | 7 | 5 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 1 |
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Note: Currently there is a vacant seat that serves both the Eastern & Western Districts of Missouri. Judge Brian Wimes (Obama appointee) also currently serves in both the Eastern & Western Districts of Missouri.
District courts in the Ninth Circuit
As of March 20, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Alaska | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Arizona | 13 | 6 | 7 | — | — | 5 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| C.D. of California | 28 | 12 | 15 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| E.D. of California | 6 | — | 6 | — | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of California | 14 | — | 14 | — | 6 | — | 4 | 4 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of California | 13 | 3 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Hawaii | 4 | 1 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Idaho | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Montana | 3 | — | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Nevada | 7 | — | 7 | — | 2 | — | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Oregon | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Washington | 4 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Washington | 7 | — | 7 | — | 7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 110 | 25 | 79 | 6 | 38 | 14 | 22 | 18 | 4 | 6 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
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District courts in the Tenth Circuit
As of April 10, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB | RWR 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Colorado | 7 | 2 | 5 | — | 5 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Kansas | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | — | 3 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of New Mexico | 7 | 3 | 4 | — | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| E.D. of Oklahoma | 2 | 2 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Oklahoma | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| W.D. of Oklahoma | 7 | 7 | — | — | — | 6 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Utah | 5 | 2 | 3 | — | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| D. of Wyoming | 3 | 1 | 2 | — | 1 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — | — | 1 |
| Total | 41 | 23 | 17 | 1 | 12 | 15 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | — | — | — | 1 |
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Note: Judge John Heil III (Trump appointee) currently serves on the Eastern, Northern, & Western Districts of Oklahoma
District courts in the Eleventh Circuit
As of February 28, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 | WJC 2 | WJC 1 | GHWB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M.D. of Alabama | 3 | 2 | — | 1 | — | 2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Alabama | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | — | 4 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Alabama | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | 2 | — | — | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| M.D. of Florida | 15 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 5 | 3 | — | 2 | 1 | — | — | 1 |
| N.D. of Florida | 4 | 3 | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Florida | 18 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 1 | — | 2 | 2 | — | 1 |
| M.D. of Georgia | 4 | 2 | 2 | — | — | 1 | 1 | 1 | — | 1 | — | — | — |
| N.D. of Georgia | 11 | 5 | 6 | — | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | — | — | — | — |
| S.D. of Georgia | 3 | 3 | — | — | — | 1 | — | — | 2 | — | — | — | — |
| Total | 69 | 41 | 23 | 5 | 6 | 26 | 11 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 2 | — | 2 |
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District court in the D.C. Circuit
As of February 1, 2024[update]:
More information District, Total ...
| District | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| D. of Columbia | 15 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| Total | 15 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
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The United States Court of International Trade is an Article III court, with full powers in law and equity, established by the Customs Court Act of 1980 to replace the United States Customs Court.
As of February 5, 2024[update]:
More information Year, Total ...
| Year | Total | Appointed by Republicans | Appointed by Democrats | Vacant | JRB | DJT | BHO 2 | BHO 1 | GWB 2 | GWB 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current | 9 | 3 | 6 | — | 2 | 3 | 4 | — | — | — |
| 2021 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | — | 3 | 4 | — | — | 1 |
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- "It took conservatives 50 years to get a reliable majority on the Supreme Court. Here are 3 reasons why". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- "Kavanaugh Confirmation Solidifies Supreme Court Tilt to the Right". www.rollcall.com. 6 October 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 117th Congress - 2nd Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-15.
- "Circuit Status". news.bloomberglaw.com. Retrieved 24 June 2023.
- "How Trump is shifting the most important courts in the country". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- "With another Supreme Court pick, Trump is leaving his mark on higher federal courts". www.pewresearch.org. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- "Justices tend to agree with presidents that pick them — but stray later". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 12 June 2019.
- Federal Judiciary Act (1789), National Archives and Records Administration, retrieved September 12, 2017
- "Judges on Horseback" (PDF). U.S. Courts Library - 8th Circuit. Retrieved April 4, 2021.
- "Judgeship Appointments By President". United States Courts. Retrieved February 24, 2023.
- "U.S. Senate: U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes 117th Congress - 2nd Session". www.senate.gov. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
- Federal Judgeships, United States Courts.