Kambiwá
Kambiwá language
Extinct unclassified language of Brazil
Kambiwá (a.k.a. Cambioá) is an extinct unclassified language of Brazil. A couple dozen words were collected by Wilbur Pickering during the 1960s from two people living in Barreira, Petrolândia, Pernambuco. However, by that time the language had become extinct.[1]
Kambiwá | |
---|---|
Cambioá | |
Native to | Brazil |
Region | Petrolândia, Pernambuco |
Extinct | early 20th century |
unclassified | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | xbw |
Glottolog | kamb1239 |
Apart from two apparent borrowings, none of the words are relatable to known languages. Loukotka (1968) characterized the language as unclassifiable due to lack of data.[2]
In 1961, two word lists of Kambiwá were collected by Wilbur Pickering from elderly rememberers in Barreira, Petrolândia, Pernambuco. The word lists are published in Meader (1978).[1]
Word list recorded from Manoel de Souza:
Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Kambiwá |
---|---|---|
bebê indígena | indigenous baby | ˈkɔ́lúmì |
fogo | fire | ˈtóὶ |
fumo | smoke | ˈpɔ́ṛ̃ùi |
mulher | woman | ˈšíˈtúrù |
cachimbo | smoking pipe | ˈkákwì / ˈkwákwì |
gado | cattle | ˈkǫ́ną̀ |
homem branco (estrangeiro) | white man (stranger) | ˈtš̭yářίtš̭yà |
negro | black man | tãˑˈkážúpì |
ovelha | sheep | ˈtyápɔsεřε̨ |
peba | drink | ˈr̃úpʌ̨̀ų̀ |
porco-do-mato | collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) | ˈtų́pàřà |
raposa | fox | ˈfɔ́iàsà |
tamanduá | tamandua | ˈfílípį̀ |
tatu-bola | Brazilian three-banded armadillo (Tolypeutes tricinctus) | ˈkʌ̨́ñíkį̀ |
Word list recorded from an elderly man named Tenoro:
Portuguese gloss (original) | English gloss (translated) | Kambiwá |
---|---|---|
fogo | fire | břázádò |
fumo | smoke | pą̃ˈ húì |
abelha | bee | ˈkóìm |
água corrente | running water | bibi / ε |
bebida alcoólica indígena feita de jurema-preta | indigenous liquor made from black jurema (Mimosa tenuiflora) | ʌ̨́žúˈkà |
bebida alcoólica indígena feita de murici | indigenous liquor made from murici (Byrsonima crassifolia) | álúˈà |
besta | beast | ˈtš̭yápàřú |
homem branco | white man | ˈnεkřu |
ovelha | sheep | púsέˈrὲ̨ |
peba | six-banded armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus) | ˈgwášínì |
porco-do-mato | collared peccary (Pecari tajacu) | pǫį |
veado | deer | ˈgwą́wų̀ |
Kambiwá words provided by each informant that differ from each other:
Portuguese | English | Manoel de Souza | Tenoro |
---|---|---|---|
fogo | fire | ˈtóὶ | břázádò (loanword?) |
fumo | smoke | ˈpɔ́ṛ̃ùi | pą̃ˈ húì |
ovelha | sheep | ˈtyápɔsεřε̨ | púsέˈrὲ̨ |
porco-do-mato | peccary | ˈtų́pàřà | pǫį |
- Meader, Robert E. (1978). Indios do Nordeste: Levantamento sobre os remanescentes tribais do nordeste brasileiro (in Portuguese). Brasilia: SIL International.
- Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
- Meader, R. E. 1978. Indios do nordeste. Levantamento sobre os remanescentes tribais do nordeste brasileiro. SIL Internacional. pp 65–92.
- Fabre, Alain (2005): "Kambiwá" (Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos)