Kaohsiung County was a county in southern Taiwan between 1945 and 2010. The county seat was located in Fongshan City.

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Kaohsiung County 高雄縣
County of the Republic of China
1945–2010
Flag of Kaohsiung County Coat of arms
Location of Kaohsiung County in Taiwan.
Capital	Fongshan
Area
• December 2010	2,792.67 km2 (1,078.26 sq mi)
Population
• December 2010	1,243,410
History
• Established	6 December 1945
• Disestablished	25 December 2010
Political subdivisions	1 County-administered city 3 Urban townships 20 Rural townships 3 Mountain indigenous townships
Preceded by Succeeded by Takao Prefecture Kaohsiung
Today part of	Part of Kaohsiung (Special municipality)

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Kaohsiung County was established on 6 December 1945 on the territory of Takao Prefecture (高雄州) shortly after the end of World War II. In the early years, Kaohsiung County consists of most territory of Takao Prefecture except the territory near cities of Takao (Kaohsiung) and Heitō (Pingtung). The county is divided into districts (區), which come from reformed Japanese districts (郡). The districts are divided into townships.

On 16 August 1950, another division reform was implemented. The southern part of the county was separated and established Pingtung County. The remaining Kaohsiung County has territory equivalent to the Hōzan (Fengshan), Okayama (Kangshan), and Kizan (Chishan) in the Japanese era. In addition, districts in the remaining part of Kaohsiung County was defunct. All townships were directly controlled by the County Government. On 25 December 2010, the county merged with Kaohsiung City to form a larger single special municipality.^[1]

The subdivisions of the County remains mostly stable between 1950 and 2010. However, some changed has also been made.

• 1 July 1957, Maya Township (瑪雅鄉) was renamed Sanmin Township (三民鄉), Yani Township (雅爾鄉) was renamed Taoyuan Township (桃源鄉), Tona Township (多納鄉) was renamed Maolin Township (茂林鄉).
• 1 July 1972, Fengshan (鳳山鎮) reformed from an urban township to a county-administered city for its population.
• 1 July 1979, Hsiaokang (小港鄉) merged into Kaohsiung City and reformed from a rural township to a district.
• 1 January 2008, Sanmin Township was renamed Namasia Township (那瑪夏鄉).

On 25 December 2010, the county was merged with Kaohsiung City, all cities and townships became districts. On the eve of merging with Kaohsiung City, the county consists of the following administrative divisions

• Kaohsiung
• List of county magistrates of Kaohsiung