Korean_Committee_of_Space_Technology
The Korean Committee of Space Technology (KCST; Korean: 조선우주공간기술위원회, Hanja: 朝鮮宇宙空間技術委員會) was the agency of the government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) responsible for the country's space program. The agency was terminated and succeeded by the National Aerospace Development Administration in 2013 after the Law on Space Development was passed in the 7th session of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly.
| 조선우주공간기술위원회 | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Jurisdiction | Government of North Korea |
| Minister responsible |
|
| Agency executive |
|
Very little information on it is publicly available. It is known to have been founded sometime in the 1980s,[1] and most likely is connected to the Artillery Guidance Bureau of the Korean People's Army.
The KCST was responsible for all operations concerning space exploration and construction of satellites. On 12 March 2009, North Korea signed the Outer Space Treaty and the Registration Convention,[2] after a previous declaration of preparations for a new satellite launch.
The KCST operated the Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground and Sohae Satellite Launching Station rocket launching sites, Baekdusan-1 and Unha (Baekdusan-2) launchers, Kwangmyŏngsŏng satellites.
South Korea and the United States accused North Korea of using these facilities and the rockets as a cover for a military ballistic missile testing program.[3][4]
- Sohae Satellite Launching Station built from the 2000s to 2010s with a launch pad completed in 2011.
- Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground built from the 2000s to 2010s with a launch pad completed in 2011.
The DPRK twice announced that it had launched satellites: Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 on 31 August 1998 and Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 on 5 April 2009. The US and South Korea predicted that the launches would in actuality be military ballistic missile tests, but later confirmed that they had followed orbital launch trajectories.
In 2009, the DPRK announced more ambitious future space projects including its own crewed space flights and development of a crewed partially reusable launch vehicle.[5] Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 was launched on 13 April 2012 and ended in failure shortly after launch.[6] A follow-up attempt the following December, Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2 entered polar orbit as confirmed by various countries.
This is a list of satellites launched.
| Satellite | Launch Date (UTC) |
Rocket | Launch Site | Status | Purpose |
| Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 | 31 August 1998 | Taepodong-1 | Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground | Failed to reach orbit | Technology experimental satellite |
| 4 July 2006 | Unha-1 | Launch Failure | Rocket test (See 2006 North Korean missile test) | ||
| Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2 | 5 April 2009 | Unha-2 | Tonghae Satellite Launching Ground | Failed to reach orbit | Communications satellite |
| Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 | 13 April 2012 | Unha-3 | Sohae Satellite Launching Station | Launch Failure | Observation satellite |
| Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3 Unit 2 | 12 December 2012 | Unha-3 | Sohae Satellite Launching Station | Successful launch | Observation satellite |
| Kwangmyŏngsŏng-4 | 7 February 2016 | Unha | Sohae Satellite Launching Station | Successful launch | Observation satellite |
- "Despite Clinton, Korea has rights". Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- "KCNA Report on DPRK's Accession to International Space Treaty and Convention". KCNA. 2009-03-12. Archived from the original on 2009-04-02. Retrieved 2009-03-14.
- Choe Sang-Hun (23 December 2012). "North Korean Missile Said to Have Military Purpose". New York Times.
- "UN Security Council condemns North Korea rocket launch". BBC News. Retrieved 15 February 2016.
- "朝鲜宣布发展太空计划抗衡"西方强权"". Rodong Sinmun. 2009-02-08. Retrieved February 26, 2009.[permanent dead link]
- "North Korea rocket launch 'fails'". April 13, 2012. Retrieved April 13, 2012.