Lateral_nasal_click

Nasal lateral click

Nasal lateral click

Consonantal sound


The lateral nasal click is a click consonant found primarily among the languages of southern Africa. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet for a nasal lateral click with a velar rear articulation is ŋ͡ǁ or ŋ͜ǁ, commonly abbreviated to ŋǁ, ᵑǁ or ǁ̃; a symbol abandoned by the IPA but still preferred by some linguists is ŋ͡ʖ or ŋ͜ʖ, abbreviated ŋʖ, ᵑʖ or ʖ̃. For a click with a uvular rear articulation, the equivalents are ɴ͡ǁ, ɴ͜ǁ, ɴǁ, ᶰǁ and ɴ͡ʖ, ɴ͜ʖ, ɴʖ, ᶰʖ. Sometimes the accompanying letter comes after the click letter, e.g. ǁŋ or ǁᵑ; this may be a simple orthographic choice, or it may imply a difference in the relative timing of the releases.[1]

Quick Facts ŋ͡ǁ ŋ͡ʖ, ᵑǁ ᵑʖ ...
Quick Facts ɴ͡ǁ ɴ͡ʖ, ᶰǁ ᶰʖ ...

Features

Features of the lateral nasal click:

  • The airstream mechanism is lingual ingressive (also known as velaric ingressive), which means a pocket of air trapped between two closures is rarefied by a "sucking" action of the tongue, rather than being moved by the glottis or the lungs/diaphragm. The release of the forward closure produces the "click" sound. Voiced and nasal clicks have a simultaneous pulmonic egressive airstream.
  • Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
  • It is a nasal consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the nose, either exclusively (nasal stops) or in addition to through the mouth.
  • It is a lateral consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream over the sides of the tongue, rather than down the middle.

Occurrence

Lateral nasal clicks are found primarily in the various Khoisan language families of southern Africa and in some neighboring Bantu languages.[2][3]

More information Language, Word ...

Glottalized lateral nasal click

Quick Facts Glottalized lateral nasal click, ǁ̃ˀ ...

All Khoisan languages, and a few Bantu languages, have glottalized nasal clicks. These are formed by closing the glottis so that the click is pronounced in silence; however, any preceding vowel will be nasalized.

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References

  1. Afrika und Übersee. D. Reimer. 2005. pp. 93–94.
  2. Miller, Amanda L.; Brugman, Johanna; Sands, Bonny; Namaseb, Levi; Exter, Mats; Collins, Chris (August 2009). "Differences in airstream and posterior place of articulation among Nǀuu clicks". Journal of the International Phonetic Association. 39 (2): 129–161. doi:10.1017/S0025100309003867. ISSN 1475-3502. S2CID 46194815.

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