Le Coq Sportif (French pronunciation: [lə kɔk spɔʁtif], "the athletic rooster") is a French sportswear and sports equipment manufacturing company based in Entzheim. Founded in 1882 by Émile Camuset,^[3] the company first issued items branded with its now-famous rooster trademark in 1948.^[4] The company's name and trademark are derived from the Gallic rooster, a national symbol of France.

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Le Coq Sportif

Company type	Subsidiary
Industry	Textile Sports equipment
Founded	1882; 142 years ago (1882)
Founder	Émile Camuset
Headquarters	Entzheim , France
Products	Sportswear, clothing, footwear
Revenue	€132.2 million (2019)[1]
Parent	Airesis S.A.[2]
Website	lecoqsportif.com

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Nowadays, Le Coq Sportif is a subsidiary of Airesis S.A., a Swiss-based investment company that holds a 69%-stake of LCS.^[5][6] The current range of products by Le Coq Sportif includes sportswear, casual clothing and footwear.

The company was established by Émile Camuset in 1882, initially within the woolen industry and then entering into the sportswear business, with some sources stating that it was his son who encouraged him to do it.^[7]

The Camuset family started manufacturing sports clothing in its factory in Romilly-sur-Seine in north central France, releasing its first catalogue (which mostly included cycling jerseys) in 1929.^[8] Ten years later, the company launched the first tracksuit ever, the chándal (also known as "the Sunday clothing").^[8][9]

Le Coq Sportif reached its peak in the 1950s, with its first huge success in 1951 when the brand signed a deal to make the yellow jersey for the Tour de France. That jersey had been introduced in 1919 but rejected by riders who didn't want to be so visible to rivals. The company was Louison Bobet's jersey supplier when he won three consecutive Tours from 1953–1955.^[7][10] During those years, LCS also signed agreements to be the official kit provider for the France national football team (from 1955)^[9] and rugby teams. The company also signed an agreement with the French Olympic Committee so athletes wore LCS sportswear at the 1960 Summer Olympics at Rome.^[9]

The company redesigned its logo (the triangular shape with a rooster inside) and put it onto the yellow jersey for the first time in 1966; it was one of the first sports manufacturers to make its logo visible.^{[citation needed]} By 1966 Le Coq Sportif was the biggest sports brand in France and that same year the company signed a deal with Adidas to produce the three stripes clothing products in France. Terms of the contract ruled that Adidas focused on footwear while LCS took over of textile products.^[7]

In the early 1970s, Adidas, dissociated with its share in the market, began to sell textile products, realising that the Camuset family had registered the three stripes symbol in France. That led to a legal battle between the two companies that almost caused the demise of LCS. As Adidas lost the lawsuit, it struck back against the French company with the objective to push it out of the business. Adidas signed a sponsorship agreement with Eddy Merckx, the raising star of cycling. That quick move and some bad decisions by the Camuset family made LCS lose a substantial piece of the market and Adidas offered to buy the company, which would have regained ownership of the three stripes in France as part of the deal. The offer was declined by Mirielle Camuset –Emile's daughter– more based on her political thoughts (as she had been a member of the French resistance against Germany during the World War II) than a commercial point of view. The French government became aware of LCS' critical situation, and appointed entrepreneur André Guelfi to take over the company and save it.^[7]

Guelfi meet Horst Dassler (who was in charge of Adidas by then) and they secretly agreed to Adidas would buy a controlling stake in LCS. In return, Dassler would give help and assistance to make LCS a big company again. In the 1980s, Adidas's support allowed LCS reaching new audiences when tennis player Yannick Noah won the French Open in 1983, wearing Le Coq Sportif apparel. The rooster logo also appeared on the jerseys of Peugeot and Renault teams, and cyclist Bernard Hinault. During Hinault's win at the World Championship, he wore an LCS jersey and Adidas shoes.^[7]

The passing of Dassler in 1987 put both companies in a critical situation. After being taken over by French entrepreneur Bernard Tapie (then involved in a match-fixing scandal in French football), Le Coq Sportif was sold to US company Brown Shoe, with Japanese firm Descente also taking rights over LCS to develop a golf line. By 1999 the company didn't have a single cyclist in its range of sponsored athletes. The company was taken over by another entrepreneur, Oliver Jacques, who would be then imprisoned after charges involving counterfeit Adidas and Nike products.^[7]

After a long time of financial troubles and scandals, the company was relaunched in 2005 by Robert Louis-Dreyfus (coincidentally the former CEO of Adidas), through a Swiss investment company, Airesis. It was relocated on its original home in 2010, refurbishing the original factory in Romilly-sur-Seine, with production now centralised in France. LCS returned to sponsor cycling teams. In 2012, the company restarted its partnership with the Tour de France.^[10]