Lead(II)_carbonate
Lead carbonate
Chemical compound
Lead(II) carbonate is the chemical compound with the chemical formula PbCO3. It is a white solid with several practical uses, despite its toxicity.[2] It occurs naturally as the mineral cerussite.[3]
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Lead(II) carbonate | |
| Other names | |
| Identifiers | |
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.009.041  |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID |
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| PbCO3 | |
| Molar mass | 267.21 g/mol |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Density | 6.582 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 315 °C (599 °F; 588 K) (decomposes) |
| 0.00011 g/(100 mL) (20 °C) | |
Solubility product (Ksp) |
1.46·10−13 |
| Solubility | insoluble in alcohol, ammonia; soluble in acid, alkali |
| −61.2·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.804[1] |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Danger | |
| H302, H332, H360, H373, H410 | |
| P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P281, P301+P312, P304+P312, P304+P340, P308+P313, P312, P314, P330, P391, P405, P501 | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | External MSDS |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Like all metal carbonates, lead(II) carbonate adopts a dense, highly crosslinked structure consisting of intact CO2−3 and metal cation sites. As verified by X-ray crystallography, the Pb(II) centers are seven-coordinate, being surrounded by multiple carbonate ligands. The carbonate centers are bonded bidentate to a single Pb and bridge to five other Pb sites.[4]
Lead carbonate is manufactured by passing carbon dioxide into a cold dilute solution of lead(II) acetate, or by shaking a suspension of a lead salt more soluble than the carbonate with ammonium carbonate at a low temperature to avoid formation of basic lead carbonate.[2]
- Pb(CH3COO)2 + [NH4]2CO3 → PbCO3 + 2 [NH4](CH3COO)
Lead carbonate is used as a catalyst to polymerize formaldehyde to poly(oxymethylene). It improves the bonding of chloroprene to wire.[2]
The supply and use of this compound is restricted in Europe.[5]
A number of lead carbonates are known:
- White lead, a basic lead carbonate, 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2
- Shannonite, PbCO3·PbO
- Plumbonacrite, 3PbCO3·Pb(OH)2·PbO[6]
- PbCO3·2PbO
- Abellaite, NaPb2(OH)(CO3)2
- Leadhillite, 2PbCO3·PbSO4·Pb(OH)2
- Pradyot Patnaik. Handbook of Inorganic Chemicals. McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8
- Carr, Dodd S. (2005). "Lead Compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a15_249. ISBN 978-3527306732.
- Inorganic Chemistry, Egon Wiberg, Arnold Frederick Holleman Elsevier 2001 ISBN 0-12-352651-5
- Sahl, Kurt (1974). "Verfeinerung der Kristallstruktur von Cerussit, PbCO3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie. 139 (3–5): 215–222. Bibcode:1974ZK....139..215S. doi:10.1524/zkri.1974.139.3-5.215.
- S.V. Krivovichev and P.C. Burns, "Crystal chemistry of basic lead carbonates. II. Crystal structure of synthetic 'plumbonacrite'." Mineralogical Magazine, 64(6), pp. 1069-1075, December 2000. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-05-21. Retrieved 2009-05-21.
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