There are eight capital cities in Australia, each of which functions as the seat of government for the state or territory in which it is located. One of these, Canberra, is also the national capital. Section 125 of the Constitution of Australia specified that the seat of the national government, that is, the national capital, would be in its own territory within New South Wales, at least 100 miles (161 km) from Sydney. The Constitution specified that until this national capital was ready, the Parliament would sit in Melbourne. In 1927, the national capital was finally ready and the national government relocated from its former seat in Melbourne to Canberra within the Australian Capital Territory (or the Federal Capital Territory as it was known at the time).

In each state and internal territory, the capital is also the jurisdiction's most populous city. The Australian external territory of Norfolk Island has its official capital at Kingston, although this acts merely as the administrative centre of government; its de facto capital is Burnt Pine.^[1]

WESTERN AUSTRALIA NORTHERN TERRITORY SOUTH AUSTRALIA QUEENSLAND NEW SOUTH WALES VICTORIA TASMANIA ●Perth ●Adelaide ●Melbourne ★Canberra (ACT) ●Sydney ●Brisbane ●Hobart ●Darwin

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State and territory capitals of Australia

State/territory	Capital	City population[2]	State/territory population[3]	Percentage of state/territory population in capital city	Established	Capital since	Image
New South Wales	Sydney	5,029,768	7,759,274	64.82%	1788	1788
Victoria	Melbourne	4,725,316	6,179,249	76.47%	1835	1851
Queensland	Brisbane	2,360,241	4,848,877	48.68%	1825	1860
Western Australia	Perth	2,022,044	2,558,951	79.02%	1829	1829
South Australia	Adelaide	1,324,279	1,713,054	77.31%	1836	1836
Tasmania	Hobart	224,462	517,588	43.37%	1804	1826
Australian Capital Territory	Canberra	403,468	403,468	100.00%	1913	1913
Northern Territory	Darwin	145,916	245,740	59.38%	1869	1911

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