List_of_Counts_and_Dukes_of_Anjou

Counts and dukes of Anjou

Counts and dukes of Anjou

Rulers of the County of Anjou


The count of Anjou was the ruler of the County of Anjou, first granted by Charles the Bald in the 9th century to Robert the Strong. Ingelger and his son, Fulk the Red, were viscounts until Fulk assumed the title of count. The Robertians and the Capetian kings were distracted by wars with the Vikings and other concerns and were unable to recover the county until the reign of Philip II Augustus, more than 270 years later.

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Ingelger's male line ended with Geoffrey II. Subsequent counts of Anjou were descended from Geoffrey's sister Ermengarde and Count Geoffrey II of Gâtinais. Their agnatic descendants, who included the Angevin kings of England, continued to hold these titles and property until the French monarchy gained control of the area. In 1360, the count was raised to a dukedom becoming known as duke of Anjou, subsequently leading the Duchy of Anjou.

The title was held by Philip V of Spain before his accession in 1700. Since then, some Spanish Legitimist claimants to the French throne have borne the title even to the present day, as does a nephew of the Orléanist pretender.

Counts of Anjou

Robertian dynasty

The Robertians, or Robertian dynasty, comprised:

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House of Ingelger

Agnatic descent

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Cognatic descent

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House of Plantagenet

Geoffrey V Plantagenet

1129–1151 also: count of Tours and Maine, duke of Normandy

24 August 1113

elder son of Fulk V of Anjou and Eremburga de La Flèche

Empress Matilda

17 June 1128 three sons

7 September 1151

Château-du-Loir aged 38

Henry Curtmantle

1151–1189 also: king of England, count of Maine, duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, lord of Ireland

5 March 1133

Le Mans son of Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou and Empress Matilda

Eleanor of Aquitaine

18 May 1152 Poitiers eight children

6 July 1189

Chinon aged 56

Richard Lionheart

1189–1199 also: king of England, count of Maine and Nantes, duke of Normandy, Aquitaine and Gascony, lord of Ireland

Richard I of England 8 September 1157

Beaumont Palace son of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine

Berengaria of Navarre

12 May 1191 Limassol No legitimate issue

6 April 1199

Châlus aged 42

Arthur

1199–1203 also: duke of Brittany

29 March 1187

son of Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany and Constance of Penthièvre

never married

no issue

April 1203

Rouen aged 16

In 1204, Anjou was lost to king Philip II of France. It was re-granted as an appanage for Louis VIII's son John, who died in 1232 at the age of thirteen, and then to Louis's youngest son, Charles, later the first Angevin king of Sicily.

Capetian dynasty

House of Anjou

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In 1290, Margaret married Charles of Valois, the younger brother of king Philip IV of France. He became Count of Anjou in her right.

House of Valois

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In 1328, Philip of Valois ascended the French throne and became King Philip VI. At this time, the counties of Anjou, Maine, and Valois returned to the royal domain. On 26 April 1332, Philip granted the county to his eldest son, John:

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Following John's ascension to the throne as John II in 1350, the title again returned to the royal domain.

Dukes of Anjou

The dukes contributed greatly to social reform in the 1300s and 1400s.[1]

First creation: 13601481 – House of Valois-Anjou

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On the death of Charles IV, Anjou returned to the royal domain.

Second creation: 15151531 – House of Savoy

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Third creation: 15661576 – House of Valois-Angoulême

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Fourth creation: 15761584 – House of Valois-Angoulême

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Fifth creation: 16081626 – House of Bourbon

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Sixth creation: 16401660 – House of Orléans

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Seventh creation: 16681671 – House of Bourbon

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8th creation: 1672 – House of Bourbon

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9th creation: 16831700 – House of Bourbon

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10th creation: 17101715 – House of Bourbon

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11th creation: 17301733 – House of Bourbon

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12th creation: 1755–1795 – House of Bourbon

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1883–present – House of Bourbon

After the death of Henri, Count of Chambord, only the descendants of Philip V of Spain remained of the male line of Louis XIV. The most senior of these, the Carlist claimant to the Spanish throne, became the eldest of the Capetians. Some of them used the courtesy title of Duke of Anjou, as shown below:

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At the death of Alfonso Carlos in 1936, the Capetian seniority passed to the exiled King of Spain, Alfonso XIII. In 1941, Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia, succeeded his father Alfonso XIII (Alphonse I of France according to the Legitimists) as the heir male of Louis XIV and therefore as the Legitimist claimant to the French throne. He then adopted the title of Duke of Anjou.

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2004–present – House of Bourbon-Orléans

On 8 December 2004, Henry, Count of Paris, Duke of France, Orléanist Pretender to the French throne, granted the title Duke of Anjou to his nephew, Charles-Philippe d'Orléans. Since he did not recognize his cousin's courtesy title, in his view, the title was available since 1795.

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References

  1. Jones, Colin (1994). The Cambridge Illustrated History of France (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 124. ISBN 0-521-43294-4.

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