The following is a list of University of Galway people, including notable alumni and faculty members of the University of Galway and its forerunners: Queen's College, Galway (QCG) created in 1845 as a college of the Queen's University of Ireland; University College, Galway (UCG) chartered in accordance with the Irish Universities Act, 1908 as a university college of the National University of Ireland; and National University of Ireland, Galway (NUI, Galway and later NUI Galway without the comma), a constituent university of the National University of Ireland and newly named since the Universities Act, 1997 until 2022.

This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (June 2020)

• John Breslin - engineering professor and entrepreneur
• Nicholas Canny - historian and noted authority on early modern Ireland and Britain
• Ada English - psychiatrist
• Gerard Jennings - physics professor
• Thomas Kilroy - playwright, novelist, former Professor of English at the university^[5]
• William King – geologist
• Joseph Larmor - physicist, Professor at Queen's College Galway 1880-1885 and later Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge
• Alexander Gordon Melville - Comparative anatomist, Professor at Queen's College Galway 1849-1882
• George Johnstone Stoney - physicist who introduced the term electron as the "fundamental unit quantity of electricity"; first Professor of Science at the then new university; elder brother of Bindon Blood Stoney^[6]
• D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson - Professor of Greek at UCG from 1862 and father of biologist Sir D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson ^{[citation needed]}