List_of_chief_ministers_from_the_Indian_National_Congress

List of chief ministers from the Indian National Congress

List of chief ministers from the Indian National Congress

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The Indian National Congress (INC) is one of the two major parties in the political system of the Republic of India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).[1][2] As of 3 December 2023, INC is in power in the three states of Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka and Telangana. In Tamil Nadu and Jharkhand it shares power with alliance partners Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and Jharkhand Mukti Morcha respectively.[3] The party during the post-independence era has governed most of the states and union territories of India.[4]

A chief minister is the head of government of each of the twenty-eight states and of three union territories (Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Puducherry).[5] According to the Constitution of India, at the state level, the governor is de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with the chief minister.[6] Following elections to the state legislative assembly, the governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly.[5] The chief minister's term is usually for a maximum of five years with the confidence of the assembly. There are no limits to the number of terms the chief minister can serve.[7] The deputy Chief Minister is a member of the state government and usually the second highest ranking executive officer of their state's council of ministers.[8] While not a constitutional office, it seldom carries any specific powers. A deputy chief minister usually also holds a cabinet portfolio such as home minister or finance minister.[9] In the parliamentary system of government, the Chief Minister is treated as the "first among equals" in the cabinet; the position of deputy chief minister is used to bring political stability and strength within a coalition government.[10]

Five of the INC chief ministers have been women – Sucheta Kripalani for Uttar Pradesh, Nandini Satpathy for Odisha, Anwara Taimur for Assam, Rajinder Kaur Bhattal for Punjab, and Sheila Dikshit for Delhi. The longest-serving female chief minister was Sheila Dikshit, who served as the chief minister of Delhi for over fifteen years.[11] Okram Ibobi Singh who was chief minister of Manipur for 15 years and 11 days between March 2002 and March 2017 has been the longest-serving chief minister of the state.[12] Tarun Gogoi held the position of Chief Minister in Assam for a period of 15 years and 6 days.[13] A leader of the Indian National Congress, Virbhadra Singh holds the distinction of being the longest serving Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh, holding the office from 1983 to 1990, from 1993 to 1998, from 2003 to 2007 and finally from 2012 to 2017.[14] Gegong Apang has not only been the longest-serving Chief Minister from the INC but also in the history of Arunachal Pradesh.[15] Apang also holds the record for the fourth-longest-serving Chief Minister of an Indian state, holding the post for over twenty-two years.[16]

Andhra Pradesh

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Arunachal Pradesh

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Assam

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Bihar

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Chhattisgarh

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Delhi

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Goa

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Gujarat

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Haryana

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Himachal Pradesh

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Jammu and Kashmir

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Karnataka

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Kerala

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Madhya Pradesh

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Maharashtra

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Manipur

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Meghalaya

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Mizoram

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Nagaland

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Odisha

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Punjab

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Puducherry

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Rajasthan

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Sikkim

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Tamil Nadu

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Telangana

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Tripura

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Uttar Pradesh

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Uttarakhand

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West Bengal

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See also

Notes

  1. The Andhra State was established on 1 October 1953, following the Andhra movement
  2. United Andhra Pradesh, was officially established on 1 November 1956, through the enactment of the States Reorganisation Act in August 1956. This led to the dissolution of Hyderabad State, with its divisions becoming part of Mysore State and Bombay State.
  3. The first Legislative Assembly of Chhattisgarh was constituted by the MLAs elected in the 1998 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election, whose constituencies were in the newly formed Chhattisgarh.[23]
  4. Mysore State came into being in August 1947 when Maharaja Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar signed the Instrument of Accession to merge the Princely State of Mysore with the Dominion of India.[34]
  5. On 1 November 1956, via the States Reorganisation Act, Mysore State was significantly expanded along linguistic lines. The Kannada-speaking districts of Bombay, Hyderabad and Madras states, as well as the entirety of Coorg, were added to it.[36]
  6. After India's Independence, Bombay State was created and its territory underwent constant change in the following years. It comprised Bombay Presidency (roughly equating to the present-day Indian state of Maharashtra, excluding South Maharashtra and Vidarbha), the princely states of the Baroda, Western India and Gujarat (the present-day Indian state of Gujarat) and Deccan States (which included parts of the present-day Indian states of Maharashtra and Karnataka).[47]
  7. States Reorganisation Act, 1956: Bombay State was enlarged by the addition of Saurashtra State and Kutch State, the Marathi-speaking districts of Nagpur Division of Madhya Pradesh and Marathwada region of Hyderabad State. The southernmost districts of the Bombay Presidency were transferred to Mysore State.[49]
  8. Orissa was the official name until 2011[56]
  9. While the Assembly website calls the pre-1950 officeholders "Premiers of West Bengal",[75] the Times of India points out that they were universally referred to as "Prime Ministers of West Bengal" at the time.[76]
  10. This refers to the 90-member rump legislature that emerged following partition, representing the West Bengali constituencies of the erstwhile Bengal Legislative Assembly. It was constituted under the Government of India Act 1935, not the Indian Constitution, which was still in the process of being drafted.[77]
  11. Following the promulgation of the Constitution of India, the provincial assembly carried on as the legislative assembly of West Bengal until fresh elections could be organised in 1952.[77]
  12. Until March 1952, Roy did not represent any constituency. For his last three months in office, during the Third Assembly, Roy represented Chowringhee constituency.
  13. According to some sources, Sen also acted as interim chief minister during 2–8 July 1962.[79]

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