List_of_countries_bordering_on_two_or_more_oceans

List of countries bordering on two or more oceans

List of countries bordering on two or more oceans

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This list of countries which border two or more oceans includes both sovereign states and dependencies, provided the same contiguous territory borders on more than one of the five named oceans, the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic.[1] Countries which border on multiple oceans because of discontiguous regions are excluded here but included in the list of transcontinental countries.[2] Countries bordering on just one of the five oceans are not included, no matter how many of its marginal seas they touch.[3]

World map of the five-ocean model with approximate boundaries

List

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Notes

  1. South Africa borders on three oceans if the Southern Ocean is considered to extend to its shores, but only on two otherwise.
  2. Iceland bordrers on two oceans if the Greenland Sea is considered part of the Arctic Ocean, but only one if it is considered part of the North Atlantic.
  3. Greenland is part of the Danish Realm.
  4. Although Alaska and the Lower 48 each borders on two oceans, no single contiguous US territory borders on three oceans. The two together would make the United States a country bordering on three oceans.
  5. The boundary between North and South America is somewhat arbitrary. Although atlases today generally show Panama entirely within North America, some atlases show the continental boundary along the Panama Canal. Furthermore, some 19th century atlases even showed the continental boundary along the border between Costa Rica and Panama, which was then part of Gran Colombia.[4]
  6. Chile borders on three oceans if the Southern and Atlantic Oceans are considered to meet in its territory, but only on two otherwise.
  7. Argentina's oceans include the Southern Ocean if the Drake Passage is considered part of it and the Pacific Ocean if its waters are considered to extend to the Argentine portion of the Beagle Channel.
  8. Australia borders on three oceans if the Southern Ocean is considered to extend that far north, but only on two otherwise.
  9. Antarctica is included on this list although not a country. If the Southern ocean is considered a separate ocean, it borders on only that one ocean. If, however, the Southern Ocean is considered to be merely part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans, Antarctica borders on all three.

See also

References

  1. [1]
    "How many oceans are there?". National Ocean Service. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
  2. [2]
    For example, France is not included because its overseas departments are not contiguous with Metropolitan France. In total France would have bordered on three or four oceans.
  3. [3]
    For example, India is not included. It borders on the Indian Ocean including the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian and Andaman Seas, which would all be in the Indian Ocean column of the table.
  4. [4]
    Dollar Atlas of the World. Chicago and New York: Prepared and published especially for the Kansas City Journal, Kansas City, Missouri by Rand McNally & Company. 1900. pp. 118–120.
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