List_of_ethnic_armed_organisations

List of ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar

List of ethnic armed organisations in Myanmar

Add article description

The following is a list of non-state armed groups involved in the internal conflict in Myanmar, officially called ethnic armed organisations (EAOs) by the government of Myanmar.[1]

Cadets of the Kachin Independence Army (KIA) preparing for military drills at the group's headquarters in Laiza, Kachin State.

Terminology

The term "ethnic armed organisation" (Burmese: တိုင်းရင်းသား လက်နက်ကိုင် အဖွဲ့အစည်း) emerged in Myanmar during the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement negotiations from 2013 to 2015.[2] Various other terms, including "ethnic organisation", "ethnic resistance force", and "ethnic rebel group" have also been used to describe ethnic armed organisations. These organisations typically:

  • claim to represent an ethnic identity[2]
  • aim to garner mutual recognition from other ethnic armed organisations through alliances and coalitions[2]
  • have an armed wing, and often a separate political wing[2]

Active

More information Name, Abbreviation ...

Defunct

More information Name, Abbreviation ...

Coalitions

More information Name, Abbreviation ...

See also

Notes

  1. Both the Shan State Progress Party and the Restoration Council of Shan State use "Shan State Army" as the name of their armed forces, so they're either distinguished by using the political organisation or adding North/South at the end

References

  1. [1]
    "Ethnic armed organisations' conference commences". President's Office of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 13 February 2019.
  2. [2]
    Amara Thiha. "It's Time To Rethink Myanmar's Ethnic Armed Organizations". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 24 March 2023. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
  3. [3]
    Parvez, Altaf (2 January 2022). "'We recognise the human rights and citizen rights of the Rohingyas'". Prothom Alo. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  4. [4]
    Davis, Anthony (1 February 2024). "Myanmar junta in a make-or-break Rakhine fight". Asia Times. Retrieved 8 February 2024.
  5. [5]
    "Internet Blackout Imposed on Myanmar's Restive Rakhine State". Agence France-Presse via Voice of America. 23 June 2019. Archived from the original on 20 July 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2019.
  6. [6]
    "AA (Karen Region)". Archived from the original on 7 January 2024. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  7. [7]
    "All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 10 March 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  8. [8]
    "The Politics of Pressure: The 1990s and the Fall of Manerplaw". www.ibiblio.org. The Museum of Karen History and Culture. Archived from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  9. [9]
    "All Burma Students' Democratic Front (ABSDF) has entered a war with Myanmar's junta military". The Chindwin. 16 January 2022.
  10. [10]
    "Rocky Start for New Bloc of Myanmar EAOs Formed to Join Junta Peace Talks". The Irrawaddy. 12 April 2024.
  11. [11]
    "Arakan Liberation Party officer shot dead in Rakhine State capital". Myanmar Now. 18 September 2023.
  12. [12]
    Olarn, Kocha; Griffiths, James (11 January 2018). "Myanmar military admits role in killing Rohingya found in mass grave". CNN. Archived from the original on 18 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  13. [13]
    "'Beyond comprehension': Myanmar admits killing Rohingya". www.aljazeera.com. 11 January 2018. Archived from the original on 15 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  14. [14]
    "Exclusive: Is this the final confrontation for the Rohingya?". Dhaka Tribune. 27 August 2017. Retrieved 29 August 2017.
  15. [15]
    "Myanmar's Junta Plays Both Rakhine and Rohingya for Fools". The Irrawaddy. 26 March 2024.
  16. [16]
    "တရုတ်နယ်စပ်က ရိုင်ဖယ်များနှင့် အားမာန်ပြည့်လာသည့် တပ်ဖွဲ့သစ်များ" [Armed groups rejuvenated by rifles from Chinese borderlands]. Irrawaddy (in Burmese). 6 June 2023.
  17. [17]
    "Chin National Front | Myanmar Peace Monitor". 6 June 2013. Archived from the original on 12 January 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
  18. [18]
    Fishbein, Emily (9 January 2023). "Chin nationalism 'blossoms' on northwestern front against junta". Frontier Myanmar. Archived from the original on 22 March 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  19. [19]
    "Peace Process Overview | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 2 August 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  20. [20]
    "Chin National Front Signs Deal with Myanmar's Shadow Govt". 31 May 2021. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  21. [21]
    Benezer, Salai. "Chin people form CNO, CNDF". BNI Multimedia Group. Burma News Internationational. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 27 January 2022.
  22. [22]
    "Armed ethnic groups | Myanmar Peace Monitor". www.mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. 10 January 2013. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  23. [23]
    "Peace may prove elusive as divisions sap strength of karen national union | Bangkok Post: news". www.bangkokpost.com. Bangkok Post. 14 October 2012. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  24. [24]
    "Kachin Independence Organization (KIO) | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 March 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  25. [25]
    "Burma attack breaks Kachin truce near China border". BBC. 20 January 2013. Archived from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014. The rebels are seeking greater autonomy within Burma for ethnic Kachins who have had de facto control over a part of northern Burma for more than 50 years.
  26. [26]
    "Myanmar Signs Historic Cease-Fire Deal With Eight Ethnic Armies". Radio Free Asia. 15 October 2015. Archived from the original on 25 March 2016. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
  27. [27]
    "ชาติพันธุ์กระเหรี่ยง ต่อสู้เพื่อความฝัน "รัฐกะเหรี่ยง"". pptvhd36.com (in Thai). 30 March 2021. Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  28. [28]
    Burma center for Ethnic Studies, January 2012, "Briefing Paper No. 1" http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs13/BCES-BP-01-ceasefires(en).pdf Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  29. [29]
    Murray, Lucy. "Karenni rebels dig in for last stand". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 26 March 2005.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  30. [30]
    Khin, Aung; Aung, Nyan Lin (9 December 2021). "ကရင်နီကာကွယ်ရေးတပ်ဖွဲ့". Voice of America (in Burmese). Archived from the original on 7 July 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  31. [31]
    "တရုတ်နယ်စပ်က ရိုင်ဖယ်များနှင့် အားမာန်ပြည့်လာသည့် တပ်ဖွဲ့သစ်များ" [Armed groups rejuvenated by rifles from Chinese borderlands]. Irrawaddy (in Burmese). 6 June 2023.
  32. [32]
    "New armed group formed by ousted KNDO leader will not be recognised by KNU". Myanmar Now. 21 July 2022.
  33. [33]
    "Karen Peace Council (KPC) | Myanmar Peace Monitor". www.mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  34. [34]
    "Kuki National Organization | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 15 October 2018. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  35. [35]
    https://mmpeacemonitor.org/310869/ldu/
  36. [36]
    "2 groups join Myanmar government's peace process". AP News. 13 February 2018. Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
  37. [37]
    "New Mon State Party and Lahu Democratic Union sign NCA". Office of the President of Myanmar. Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
  38. [38]
    "NCA signing ceremony for NMSP, LDU to take place on 13 Feb". Mizzima. 6 February 2018. Archived from the original on 29 March 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2018.
  39. [39]
    "New Mon State Party (NMSP) | Myanmar Peace Monitor". www.mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
  40. [40]
    "MNDAA | Myanmar Peace Monitor". www.mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  41. [41]
    "47 Govt Troops Killed, Tens of Thousands Flee Heavy Fighting in Shan State". irrawaddy.org. Archived from the original on 22 October 2015. Retrieved 2 November 2015.
  42. [42]
    "တရုတ်နယ်စပ်က ရိုင်ဖယ်များနှင့် အားမာန်ပြည့်လာသည့် တပ်ဖွဲ့သစ်များ" [Armed groups rejuvenated by rifles from Chinese borderlands]. Irrawaddy (in Burmese). 6 June 2023.
  43. [43]
    "NDAA | Myanmar Peace Monitor". www.mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 16 February 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  44. [44]
    "NSCN-K | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. Archived from the original on 7 October 2018. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  45. [45]
    "UNLFW: The new name for terror in NE". Times of India. 5 June 2015.
  46. [46]
    "NSCN(K) faction revokes decision to abrogate ceasefire agreement". The Economic Times. 7 December 2018. Archived from the original on 27 December 2018. Retrieved 27 December 2018.
  47. [47]
    "Naga Peace Process: Gone Off Track". www.ipcs.org. Institute of Peace and Conflict Studies. Archived from the original on 24 October 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
  48. [48]
    "'They are preparing for war': Forced recruiting by Pa-O militia in Shan". Frontier Myanmar. 28 February 2023.
  49. [49]
    "PNLO | Myanmar Peace Monitor". www.mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. 6 June 2013. Archived from the original on 17 April 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  50. [50]
    "With Conscription Law, Myanmar's Generals Are Digging Their Own Graves". The irrawaddy. 14 February 2024. Archived from the original on 14 February 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
  51. [51]
    "Communist Party of Burma declares People's War against the junta government". Workers Today. 7 November 2021. Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  52. [52]
    Bociaga, Robert (24 November 2021). "Myanmar's Army Is Fighting a Multi-Front War". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 5 July 2022. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
  53. [53]
    https://acleddata.com/dashboard/#/dashboard
  54. [54]
    "India's Ties With Myanmar Junta in Focus After Chin Group's Attack on Manipur Rebels". The Irrawaddy. 26 January 2022. Archived from the original on 10 March 2024.
  55. [55]
    "Rohingya Solidarity Organization | Facebook". www.facebook.com. Archived from the original on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2016.
  56. [56]
    ""On 4 February 2024, in Taungpyoletwea town (Maungdaw township, Maungdaw district, Rakhine state), the ULA/AA attacked the Taung Pyo Let Yar tactical hilltop base of the Border Guard Police. The ULA/AA alleged that the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army and the Rohingya Solidarity Organization fought alongside the Border Guard Police. Casualties unknown."". ACLED Dashboard.
  57. [57]
    Thet Ko Ko (8 April 2019). "Without Territory, the Shanni Army's Difficult Path to Recognition". The Irrawaddy. Archived from the original on 5 November 2020. Retrieved 5 November 2020.
  58. [58]
    "Rival Shan armies declare truce as other ethnic armed groups gain ground". Myanmar Now. 30 November 2023.
  59. [59]
    "Treading a Rocky Path: The Ta'ang Army Expands in Myanmar's Shan State". International Crisis. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  60. [60]
    https://acleddata.com/dashboard/#/dashboard
  61. [61]
    "Meitei rebel groups and Myanmar state's problem". Mizzima. 20 February 2024.
  62. [62]
    Davis, Anthony. "Wa army fielding new Chinese artillery, ATGMs". IHS Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 23 July 2015. Retrieved 23 July 2015.
  63. [63]
    Gerdes, Luke (8 February 2009). "Constructing Terror: How Issues of Construct Validity Undermine the Utility of Terror Databases and Statistical Analyses of Terrorism". All Academic Research. Archived from the original on 23 October 2014. Retrieved 18 August 2014. The best such example comes from the United Wa State Army (UWSA), an armed ethnic organisation that has established de facto control over a portion of Northeastern Burma.
  64. [64]
    I. Rotberg, Robert (1998). Burma: Prospects for a Democratic Future. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 0-8157-9169-0. Archived from the original on 3 September 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2020.
  65. [65]
    "Manipur Armed Group Has Joined Hands With Myanmar Junta, Says Resistance". The Wire. 7 February 2022.
  66. [66]
    "Bangladesh Extremist Islamist Consolidation". by Bertil Lintner. Archived from the original on 22 June 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
  67. [67]
    Gibson, Richard Michael (2011). The Secret Army: Chiang Kai-shek and the Drug Warlords of the Golden Triangle. John Wiley and Sons. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-470-83018-5.
  68. [68]
    Mydans, Seth (1 April 2000). "Burmese Rebel Chief More Boy Than Warrior". NY Times. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
  69. [69]
    "KDA transformed to militia groups by Burma junta". www.burmanet.org. Archived from the original on 27 January 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
  70. [70]
    Steinberg, David I. (2001). Burma: The State of Myanmar. Georgetown University Press. p. 195. ISBN 1-58901-285-2. Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  71. [71]
    Colletta, Nat J.; Lim, Teck Ghee; Kelles-Viitanen, Anita (2001). Social Cohesion and Conflict Prevention in Asia: Managing Diversity Through Development. World Bank Publications. p. 310. ISBN 978-0-8213-4874-1. Archived from the original on 6 May 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  72. [72]
    "Ceasefire celebration noticeably absent". Independent Mon News Agency. Independent Mon news Agency. 29 June 2010. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  73. [73]
    "The Irrawaddi – Precarious Peace in Monland". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
  74. [74]
    "New Democratic Army – Kachin". Mizzima News. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017. Retrieved 31 December 2015.
  75. [75]
    Schmid, Alex Peter, A.J. Jongman, and Michael Stohl. Political Terrorism: A New Guide to Actors, Authors, Concepts, Data Bases, Theories, and Literature Archived 2 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine. New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Publishers, 2005. p. 514
  76. [76]
    Pho Kan Kaung (May 1992). "The Danger of Rohingya". Myet Khin Thit Magazine No. 25. pp. 87–103.
  77. [77]
    "MAR – Data – Chronology for Shans in Burma". 1 June 2010. Archived from the original on 1 June 2010. Retrieved 6 June 2019.
  78. [78]
    "Vigorous Burmese Student Warriors". Tracking Terrorism. Archived from the original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
  79. [79]
    "Stakeholders: UNFC | Myanmar Peace Monitor". mmpeacemonitor.org. Myanmar Peace Monitor. 6 June 2013. Archived from the original on 22 April 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  • Myanmar Peace Monitor – NGO based in Chiang Mai, Thailand that monitors Myanmar's ongoing peace process.
  • Pyidaungsu Institute – Political institute based in Chiang Mai, Thailand focused on achieving political stability and peace in Myanmar.
Share this article:

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article List_of_ethnic_armed_organisations, and is written by contributors. Text is available under a CC BY-SA 4.0 International License; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.