List_of_famines
List of famines
Famines which have happened throughout world history
This is a non-exhaustive list of famines.
 | This article needs to be updated. (January 2017) |
More information Date, Event ...
| Date | Event | Location | Death toll (where known; estimated) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2200 BC–2100 BC | The 4.2-kiloyear event caused famines and civilizational collapse worldwide | Global | |
| 441 BC | The first famine recorded in ancient Rome. | Ancient Rome[1] | |
| 103 BC–89 BC | Beminitiya Seya during the reign of the Five Dravidians[2] | Anuradhapura Kingdom | |
| 26 BC | Famine recorded throughout Near East and Levant, as recorded by Josephus | Judea | 20,000+ |
| 370 | Famine in Phrygia | Phrygia | |
| 372–373 | Famine in Edessa | Edessa | |
| 400–800 | Various famines in Western Europe associated with the Fall of the Western Roman Empire and its sack by Alaric I. Between 400 and 800 AD, the population of the city of Rome fell by over 90%, mainly because of famine and plague.[citation needed] | Western Europe | |
| 470 | Famine | Gaul | |
| 535–536 | Volcanic winter of 536 | Global | |
| 585 | Famine | Gaul | |
| 639 | Famine in Arabia during the reign of Umar[3] | Arabia | |
| 750s | Islamic Spain (Al-Andalus)[4] | ||
| 779 | Famine | Francia | |
| 792–793 | Famine | Francia | |
| 800–1000 | Severe drought killed millions of Maya people due to famine and thirst and initiated a cascade of internal collapses that destroyed their civilization[5] | Mayan areas of Mesoamerica | 1,000,000+ |
| 805–806 | Famine | Francia | |
| 875–884 | Peasant rebellion in China inspired by famine;[6][7] Huang Chao captured capital | China | |
| 927–928 | Caused by four months of frost[8][9] | Byzantine Empire | |
| 963–968 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1005–1006 | Europe[10] | ||
| 1016 | Famine throughout Europe[11] | Europe | |
| 1025 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1051 | Famine forced the Toltecs to migrate from a stricken region in what is now central Mexico[12] | Mexico (present day) | |
| 1055–1056 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1064–1072 | Mustansirite Hardship[13][14] | Egypt | 40,000[13] |
| 1069–1070 | Harrying of the North | England | 100,000 |
| 1097 | Famine and plague [15] | France | 100,000 |
| 1124–1126 | Famine | Europe | |
| 1143–1147 | Famine | Europe | |
| 1150–1151 | Famine | Europe | |
| 1161–1162 | Famine | Aquitaine | |
| 1181 | Yōwa famine | Japan | 42,300 |
| 1196–1197 | Famine | Europe | |
| 1199–1202 | Famine | Egypt | 100,000 |
| 1224–1226 | Famine | Europe | |
| 1230 | Famine in the Novgorod Republic[citation needed] | Russia | |
| 1230–1231 | The Kanki famine, possibly the worst famine in Japan's history.[16] Caused by volcanic eruptions.[17] | Japan | 2,000,000 |
| 1235 | Famine in England[18] | England | 20,000 in London |
| 1256–1258 | Famine in Italy, Spain, Portugal and England[19] | Europe | |
| 1264 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1275–1277 | Famine[20] | Italy | |
| 1275–1299 | Collapse of the Anasazi civilization, widespread famine occurred[21] | United States | |
| 1285–1286 | Famine[20] | Italy | |
| 1294 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1302–1303 | Famine in Spain and Italy[20] | Europe | |
| 1304 | Famine | France | |
| 1305 | Famine | France | |
| 1310 | Famine | France | |
| 1315–1317 | Great Famine of 1315–1317 | Europe[22] | 7,500,000 |
| 1319-20 | Great Bovine Pestilence | England | |
| 1321 | Famine | England | |
| 1328–1330 | Famine in Italy, Spain and Ireland[20] | Europe | |
| 1330–1333 | Famine | France | |
| 1333–1337 | Chinese famine of 1333–1337 | China[23] | 6,000,000 |
| 1339–1340 | Famine in Italy, Spain and Ireland[20] | Europe | |
| 1344–1345 | Famine in India, under the reign of Muhammad bin Tughluq[citation needed] | India | |
| 1346–1347 | Famine in France, Italy and Spain[20] | Europe | |
| 1349–1351 | Famine | France | |
| 1351 | Famine | England | |
| 1358–1360 | Famine | France | |
| 1369 | Famine | England | |
| 1371 | Famine | France | |
| 1374–1375 | Famine in France, Italy and Spain[20] | Europe | |
| 1374–1375 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1390–1391 | Famine | France | |
| 1394–1396 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1396–1407 | The Durga Devi famine | India[24][11] | |
| 1403–1404 | Famine | Egypt | |
| 1432–1434 | The Hungry Years | Czech Republic | |
| 1437–1438 | Famine in France, Holy Roman Empire, and Britain | Europe | |
| 1441 | Famine in Mayapan | Mexico[25] | |
| 1450–1454 | Famine in the Aztec Empire,[26] interpreted as the gods' need for sacrifices.[27] | Mexico | |
| 1460–1461 | Kanshō famine in Japan[citation needed] | Japan | 82,000 |
| 1472–1474 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1476 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1482–1484 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1493 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1502–1505 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1504 | Spain[29] | ||
| 1518 | Venice[citation needed] | Italy (present day) | |
| 1521–1523 | Famine in the Low Countries, Ireland and the Nordic Countries | Europe | |
| 1527–1530 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1528 | Famine in Languedoc | France[30] | |
| 1533–1534 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1535 | Famine in Ethiopia | Ethiopia | |
| 1539–1540 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1540 | Tenbun famine [ja] | Japan | |
| 1544–1545 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1550–1552 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1558–1560 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1567–1570 | Famine in Harar, combined with plague[citation needed]. Emir of Harar died. | Ethiopia | |
| 1569–1574 | Pan-European famine, including Italy, France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Low Countries, Nordic Countries, Russia and mostly east of Ukraine[28] | Europe | |
| 1585–1587 | Pan-European famine, including Italy, France, Low Countries, Britain and Ireland[28] | Europe | |
| 1590–1598 | Pan-European famine, including Italy, Spain, France, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Britain and the Nordic countries[28] | Europe | |
| 1600–1601 | Famine in Emilia and southern Lombardy[31] | Italy | |
| 1601–1603 | One of the worst famines in all of Russian history, with as many as 100,000 in Moscow and up to one-third of Tsar Godunov's subjects killed; see Russian famine of 1601–1603.[32][33] The same famine killed about half of the Estonian population. | Russia | 2,000,000 |
| 1607–1608 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1618–1648 | Famines in Europe caused by Thirty Years' War | Europe | |
| 1618–1622 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1619 | Famine in Japan. During the Tokugawa period, there were 154 famines, of which 21 were widespread and serious.[34] | Japan | |
| 1628–1632 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1630–1632 | Deccan famine of 1630–1632 | India | 7,400,000 |
| 1630–1631 | Famine in north-west China | China | |
| 1640–1643 | Kan'ei Great Famine | Japan | 50,000-100,000 |
| 1648–1649 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1648–1660 | Poland lost an estimated 1/3 of its population due to wars, famine, and plague[citation needed] | Poland | |
| 1649 | Famine in northern England [35] | England | |
| 1650–1652 | Famine in the east of France [36] | France | |
| 1651–1653 | Famine throughout much of Ireland during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland[37] | Ireland | |
| 1661 | Famine in India, due to lack of any rainfall for two years[38][11] | India | |
| 1670s – 1680s | Plague and famines in Spain[citation needed] | Spain | |
| 1670–1671 | Kyungshin Famine | Korea | 1,000,000 - 1,500,000 |
| 1672 | Famine in southern Italy[31] | Italy | |
| 1678–1679 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1680 | Famine in Sardinia[39] | Italy (present day) | 80,000[40] |
| 1680s | Famine in Sahel[36] | West Africa | |
| 1690s | Famine throughout Scotland which killed 5–15% of the population [41] | Scotland | 60,000–180,000 |
| 1693–1694 | Between 1.3 and 1.5 million French as some estimet in realithy around 600 000-700 000 French died in the Great Famine of 1693-1694 | France | 700 000−1300000[42][43] |
| 1693–1695 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1695–1697 | Great Famine of Estonia killed about a fifth of Estonian and Livonian population (70,000–75,000 people). Famine also hit Sweden (80,000–100,000 dead) | The Swedish Empire, of which Swedish Estonia and Swedish Livonia were dominions at that time | 150,000–175,000[citation needed] |
| 1696–1697 | Great Famine of Finland wiped out almost a third of the population[44] | Finland, then part of Sweden proper | 150,000 |
| 1702–1704 | Famine in Deccan[45] | India | 2,000,000[45] |
| 1708–1711 | Famine in East Prussia killed 250,000 people or 41% of its population.[46] According to other sources the great mortality was due to plague (disease), which between 1709 and 1711 killed about 200,000 – 250,000 out of 600,000 inhabitants of East Prussia.[47] The Great Northern War plague outbreak of 1708-1712 also affected East Prussia. | East Prussia | 250,000 |
| 1709 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1709–1710 | The fr:Grande famine de 1709 | France[48] | 600,000 |
| 1716 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1722 | Arabia[49] | ||
| 1724 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1727–1728 | Famine in the English Midlands[50] | England | |
| 1732–1733 | Kyōhō famine | Japan | 12,172–169,000[51] |
| 1738–1756 | Famine in West Africa, half the population of Timbuktu died of starvation[52] | West Africa | |
| 1740–1741 | Irish Famine (1740–1741) | Ireland | 300,000–480,000 |
| 1750–1756 | Famine in the Senegambia region [53] | Senegal, Gambia (present day) | |
| 1764 | Famine in Naples[54][28] | Italy (present day) | |
| 1767 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1769–1773 | Great Bengal famine of 1770,[11] 10 million dead (one third of population) | India, Bangladesh (present day) | 10,000,000 |
| 1770–1771 | Famines in Czech lands killed hundreds of thousands people | Czech Republic (present day) | 100,000+ |
| 1771–1772 | Famine in Saxony and southern Germany[citation needed] | Germany | |
| 1773 | Famine in Sweden[55] | Sweden | |
| 1779 | Famine in Rabat | Morocco[56] | |
| 1780s | Great Tenmei famine | Japan | 20,000 – 920,000 |
| 1783 | Famine in Iceland caused by Laki eruption killed one-fifth of Iceland's population[57] | Iceland | |
| 1783–1784 | Chalisa famine | India | 11,000,000[58] |
| 1784 | Widespread famine throughout Egypt[59] | Egypt | |
| 1784–1785 | Famine in Tunisia[citation needed] | Tunisia | |
| 1788 | The two years previous to the French Revolution saw bad harvests and harsh winters, possibly because of a strong El Niño cycle[60] or caused by the 1783 Laki eruption in Iceland.[61][62] | France | |
| 1789 | Famine in Ethiopia afflicted "amhara/tigray north" | Ethiopia | |
| 1789–1793 | Doji bara famine or Skull famine | India | 11,000,000 |
| 1801 | Famine[28] | Italy | |
| 1804–1872, 1913 | A series of 14 famines in Austrian Galicia | Poland, Ukraine (present day) | 400,000-550,000 |
| 1811–1812 | Famine devastated Madrid[63] | Spain | 20,000[64] |
| 1815 | Eruption of Tambora, Indonesia. Tens of thousands died in subsequent famine | Indonesia | 10,000 |
| 1816–1817 | Year Without a Summer | Europe | 65,000 |
| 1830–1833 | Claimed to have killed 42% of the population | Cape Verde | 30,000[65] |
| 1832–1833 | Guntur famine of 1832 | India | 150,000 |
| 1833–1837 | Tenpō famine | Japan | |
| 1837–1838 | Agra famine of 1837–1838 | India | 800,000 |
| 1845–1857 | Highland Potato Famine | Scotland | |
| 1845–1849 | Great Famine in Ireland killed more than 600 000 people out off over 10 million people inhabitating Ireland . Between 1.5–2 million people forced to emigrate[66] | Ireland | 600 000 to over 1500000 that emigrated+ |
| 1846 | Famine led to the peasant revolt known as "Maria da Fonte" in the north of Portugal[citation needed] | Portugal | |
| 1846-1848 | The Newfoundland Potato Famine, related to the Irish Potato Famine. | Newfoundland, present-day Canada | |
| 1849–1850 | Demak and Grobogan in Central Java, caused by four successive crop failures due to drought. | Indonesia | 83,000[67] |
| 1860–1861 | Upper Doab famine of 1860–1861 | India | 2,000,000 |
| 1863–1867 | Famine in Cape Verde | Cape Verde | 30,000[68] |
| 1866 | Orissa famine of 1866 | India | 1,000,000[69] |
| 1866–1868 | Finnish famine of 1866–1868. About 15% of the entire population died | Finland | 150,000+ |
| 1866–1868 | Famine in French Algeria | French Algeria | 820,000 |
| 1867–1869 | Swedish famine of 1867–1869. | Sweden | |
| 1869 | Rajputana famine of 1869 | India | 1,500,000[69] |
| 1870–1872 | Persian famine of 1870–1872 | Iran | 200,000-3,000,000 Estimates vary [70] |
| 1873–1874 | Famine in Anatolia caused by drought and floods[71][72] | Turkey (present day) | |
| 1873–1874 | Bihar famine of 1873–1874 | India | |
| 1876–1879 | Famine in India, China, Brazil, Northern Africa (and other countries). Famine in northern China killed 9–13 million people.[73] 5.5 million died in the Great Famine of 1876–1878 in India. 500,000 died in Brazil. British policies and drought were responsible for the deaths in India.[74][75] The famine in China was a result of drought influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation.[76] In Brazil, Grande Seca killed probably more than 400.000 people. | India, China, Brazil, Northern Africa (and other countries). | 15,000,000–19,000,000 in Northern China, India and Brazil. |
| 1878–1880 | St. Lawrence Island famine, Alaska[77] | United States | 1,000 |
| 1879 | 1879 Famine in Ireland. Unlike previous famines, this famine mainly caused hunger and food shortages but little mortality. | Ireland | |
| 1888–1889 | Famine in Orrisa, Ganjam and Northern Bihar | India | 150,000 |
| 1888–1892 | Ethiopian Great famine. About one-third of the population died.[78][79] Conditions worsen with cholera outbreaks (1889–92), a typhus epidemic, and a major smallpox epidemic (1889–90). | Ethiopia | 1,000,000 |
| 1891–1892 | Russian famine of 1891–1892. Beginning along the Volga River and spreading to the Urals and the Black Sea. | Russia | 375,000–500,000[80][81] |
| 1895–1898 | Famine during the Cuban War of Independence | Cuba | 200,000–300,000 |
| 1896–1897 | Famine in northern China leading in part to the Boxer Rebellion | China | |
| 1896–1902 | Indian famine of 1896–1897 and Indian famine of 1899–1900 due to drought and British policies.[75][82][83] | India | 2,000,000 (British territories), mortality unknown in princely states |
| 1900–1903 | Famine in Cape Verde | Cape Verde | 11,000–20,000[68] |
| 1904–1906 | Famine in Spain[84][85][86] | Spain | |
| 1906–1907 | Chinese famine of 1906–1907 | China | 20,000,000-25,000,000[87] |
| 1914–1918 | Mount Lebanon famine during World War I which was caused by the Entente and Ottoman blockade of food and to a swarm of locusts which killed up to 200,000 people, estimated to be half of the Mount Lebanon population[88] | Lebanon | 200,000 |
| 1914–1919 | Famine caused by the Allied blockade of Germany during World War I until Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles.[89] | Germany | 763,000 |
| 1917 | Famine in German East Africa | German East Africa | 300,000 |
| 1917–1919 | Persian famine of 1917–1919 | Iran | 2,000,000,[90] but estimates range as high as 10,000,000[91] |
| 1918–1919 | Rumanura famine in Ruanda-Burundi, causing large migrations to the Congo | Rwanda and Burundi (present day)[citation needed] | |
| 1919–1922 | Kazakh famine of 1919–1922. A series of famines in Turkestan at the time of the Bolshevik revolution killed about a sixth of the population | Turkestan | [92] |
| 1920–1921 | Famine in northern China | China | 500,000 |
| 1920–1922 | Famine in Cape Verde | Cape Verde | 24,000–25,000[68] |
| 1921 | Russian famine of 1921–1922 | Russia | 5,000,000[93] |
| 1921–1922 | 1921–1922 famine in Tatarstan | Russia | 500,000–2,000,000[94] |
| 1921–1923 | 1921–1923 famine in Soviet Russian Ukraine | Ukraine | 250,000–1,000,000[95] |
| 1924–1925 | Famine in Volga German colonies in Russia. One-third of the entire population perished[96][unreliable source?] | Russia | |
| 1924–1925 | Minor famine in Ireland due to heavy rain | Irish Free State [citation needed] | |
| 1926 | Famine in Darfur[97] | Darfur, Anglo-Egyptian Sudan | |
| 1928–1929 | Famine in Ruanda-Burundi, causing large migrations to the Congo | Rwanda and Burundi (present day) | |
| 1928–1930 | Chinese famine of 1928–1930 in northern China. The drought resulted in million of deaths | China | 3,000,000-10,000,000 |
| 1930–1931 | Famine | Madagascar | 32,000 |
| 1932–1933 | Soviet famine of 1932–1933, including famine in Ukraine, and famine in Kazakhstan, caused by Soviet collectivization policy, abnormal cold period,[98] and bad harvests in the years of 1931-1932.[99] | Russian SFSR, Ukrainian SSR, and Kazakh ASSR | 5,000,000[99]-7,000,000[100] |
| 1939–1952 | Famine in Spain caused primarily by the implementation of the autarkic economy | Spain | 200,000[101][102] |
| 1940–1943 | Famine in Cape Verde | Cape Verde | 20,000[68] |
| 1940–1945 | Famine in Warsaw Ghetto, as well as other ghettos and concentration camps (note: this famine was the result of deliberate denial of food to ghetto residents on the part of Nazis).[103] | Occupied Poland | |
| 1940–1948 | Famine in Morocco between 1940 and 1948, because of refueling system installed by France.[104] | Morocco | 200,000 |
| 1941–1944 | Leningrad famine caused by a 900-day blockade by German troops. About one million Leningrad residents starved, froze, or were bombed to death in the winter of 1941–42, when supply routes to the city were cut off and temperatures dropped to −40 °C (−40 °F).[105] According to other estimates about 800,000 out of an immediate pre-siege population of about 2.5 million perished.[106] | Soviet Union | 800,000–1,000,000 |
| 1941–1944 | Famine in Greece caused by the Axis occupation.[107][108] | Greece | 300,000 |
| 1941–1942 | Famine in Kharkiv. In a city with a population of about 450,000 while under German occupation, there was a famine starting in the winter of 1941–42 that lasted until the end of September 1942. The local administration recorded 19,284 deaths between the second half of December 1941 and the second half of September 1942, thereof 11,918 (59.6%) from hunger.[109] The Foreign Office representative at Army High Command 6 noted on 25.03.1942 that according to reports reaching municipal authorities at least 50 people were dying of hunger every day, and that the true number might be much higher as in many cases the cause of death was stated as "unknown" and besides many deaths were not reported.[110] British historian Alex Kay estimates that at least 30,000 city inhabitants died in the famine. [111] According to Soviet sources about 70–80,000 people died of starvation in Kharkiv during the occupation by Nazi Germany.[112] | Soviet Union | 30,000–80,000 |
| 1941-1943 | Famine in Kyiv. On April 1, 1942, well after the first winter of famine, Kyiv officially had about 352,000 inhabitants. In the middle of 1943—more than four months before the end of German rule—the city officially had about 295,600. Death by starvation was not the only reason for the rapid decline in population: deportation to Germany and Nazi shootings also played their part. Nevertheless, starvation was an important factor.[113] British historian Alex Kay estimates that about 10,000 city inhabitants died of starvation. [114] | Soviet Union | 10,000 |
| 1942–1943 | Chinese famine of 1942–1943 | Henan, China | 700,000 |
| 1942–1943 | Iranian famine of 1942–1943 | Iran | 3,000,000[115][better source needed] |
| 1943 | Bengal famine of 1943 | Bengal, India, Bangladesh | 2,100,000 |
| 1943–1944 | Ruzagayura famine in Ruanda-Urundi, causing emigrations to Congo | Rwanda and Burundi (present day) | 36,000–50,000 |
| 1943–1945 | Famine in Hadhramaut | Yemen (present day) | 10,000[116][117] |
| 1944–1945 | Java under Japanese occupation | Java, Indonesia | 2,400,000[118] |
| 1944 | Dutch famine of 1944–1945 during World War II | Netherlands | 20,000 |
| 1945 | Vietnamese famine of 1945 | Vietnam | 600,000–2,000,000[119] |
| 1945-1947 | Famine in Königsberg (Kaliningrad) | Soviet Union | 57,000–76,500[120] |
| 1946-1947 | German "Hungerwinter" | Germany | >100,000[121] |
| 1946–1947 | Soviet famine of 1946–1947 | Soviet Union | 1,000,000–1,500,000[122][123] |
| 1946–1948 | Famine in Cape Verde | Cape Verde | 30,000[68] |
| 1949 | Nyasaland famine of 1949 | Malawi | 200 |
| 1950 | 1950 Caribou Inuit famine | Canada | 60 |
| 1958 | Famine in Tigray | Ethiopia | 100,000 |
| 1959–1961 | The Great Chinese Famine[124][125][126] Some researchers also include the year 1958 or 1962. | China (mainland) | 15,000,000–55,000,000[125][127][128] |
| 1966–1967 | Lombok, drought and malnutrition, exacerbated by restrictions on regional rice trade | Indonesia | 50,000[129] |
| 1966–1967 | Rice crisis[130] | Burma | |
| 1967–1970 | Biafran famine caused by Nigerian blockade | Nigeria | 2,000,000 |
| 1968–1972 | Sahel drought created a famine that killed a million people[131] | Mauritania, Mali, Chad, Niger and Burkina Faso | 1,000,000 [citation needed] |
| 1971–1973 | Afghanistan drought | Afghanistan | |
| 1972–1973 | Famine in Ethiopia caused by drought and poor governance; failure of the government to handle this crisis led to the fall of Haile Selassie and to Derg rule | Ethiopia | 60,000[132] |
| 1973 | Darfur drought | Darfur, Sudan | 1,000 |
| 1974 | Bangladesh famine of 1974 | Bangladesh | 27,000-1,500,000 [citation needed] |
| 1975–1979 | Khmer Rouge. A maximum estimate of 500,000 Cambodians lost their lives to famine | Cambodia | 500,000[133] |
| 1980–1981 | Caused by drought and conflict[132] | Uganda | 30,000[132] |
| 1982–1985 | Famine caused by the Mozambican Civil War | Mozambique | 100,000 |
| 1983–1985 | 1983–1985 famine in Ethiopia | Ethiopia | 400,000–600,000[134] |
| 1984–1985 | Famine caused by drought, economic crisis and the Second Sudanese Civil War | Sudan | 240,000 |
| 1988 | Famine caused by the Second Sudanese Civil War | Sudan | 100,000 |
| 1991–1992 | Famine in Somalia caused by drought and civil war[132] | Somalia | 300,000[132] |
| 1993 | 1993 Sudan famine | Sudan | |
| 1994–1998 | North Korean famine.[135][136] Scholars estimate 600,000 died of starvation (other estimates range from 200,000 to 3.5 million).[137] | North Korea | 200,000–3,500,000 |
| 1998 | 1998 Sudan famine caused by war and drought | Sudan | 70,000[132] |
| 1998 | 1998 Afghanistan famine | Afghanistan | |
| 1998–2000 | Famine in Ethiopia. The situation worsened by Eritrean–Ethiopian War | Ethiopia | |
| 1998–2004 | Second Congo War. 2.7 million people died, mostly from starvation and disease | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 2,700,000 |
| 2003–2005 | Famine during the War in Darfur | Sudan | 200,000 |
| 2005–2006 | 2005–2006 Niger food crisis. At least three million were affected in Niger and 10 million throughout West Africa [citation needed] | Niger and West Africa | |
| 2011–2012 | Famine in Somalia, brought on by the 2011 East Africa drought[138] | Somalia | 285,000 |
| 2012 | Famine in West Africa, brought on by the 2012 Sahel drought[139] | Senegal, Gambia, Niger, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso | |
| 2016–present | Famine in Yemen, arising from the Yemeni Civil War and the subsequent blockade of Yemen by Saudi Arabia | Yemen | 85,000 children as of 2017[140] Unknown number of adults. |
| 2017 | Famine in South Sudan[141] Famine in Somalia, due to 2017 Somali drought. Famine in Nigeria | South Sudan, Unity State, Somalia, and Nigeria. | |
| 2020–present | Famine in the Tigray War | Tigray, Ethiopia | |
| 2021–present | 2021–2022 Madagascar famine | Madagascar |
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Main article lists
- Bengal famine
- Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union
- Famine in India
- Famines in the Czech lands
- Famines in Ethiopia
- Great Bengal famine of 1770
- Great Famine of 1876–1878
- Great Chinese Famine
- Holodomor
- Khmer Rouge
- List of famines in China
- North Korean famine
- Timeline of major famines in India during British rule
Other articles
- 2007–2008 world food price crisis
- 2010–2012 world food price crisis
- 2022–2023 food crises
- Disaster
- Famine Early Warning Systems Network
- Famine events
- Famine relief
- Famine scales
- Food security
- Food security during the COVID-19 pandemic
- List of natural disasters by death toll
- List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll
- Live Aid
- Medieval demography
- Population decline
- Potato famine
- Starvation
- Theories of famines
- World population
- Shaw, Rajib; Nguyen, Huy (2011). Droughts in Asian Monsoon Region. Emerald Group Publishing. p. 97. ISBN 9780857248640.
- Syed, Muzaffar Husain; Akhtar, Syed Saud; Usmani, B. D. (14 September 2011). Concise History of Islam. Vij Books India Pvt Ltd. ISBN 9789382573470.
- Thomas F. Glick. "Islamic and Christian Spain in the Early Middle Ages". Libro.uca.edu. Retrieved 2014-08-13.
- Gill, Richardson Benedict (2001-04-01). The Great Maya Droughts: Water, Life, and Death. UNM Press. ISBN 978-0826327741.
- Embree, A. Encyclopedia of Asian history – Volume 2 p. 82: "rebellion between 875 and 884 that devastated almost all of China except the modern province … caused by famine conditions, oppressive taxation,
- Orient/West – Volume 7. p. 104": The central government was threatened in 875 by a peasant-supported rebellion which gained enough momentum to sweep through the empire. The rebellion, brought under control in 884, hastened the downfall of the empire by encouraging local suzerainty and … The rebellion was aided by drought, famine"
- Treadgold, Warren T. (1997). A history of the Byzantine state and society. Stanford University Press. p. 480. ISBN 978-0-8047-2630-6.
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A debilitating famine, caused by a persistent drought which lasted from the spring of 1904 until summer 1906, bringing death and starvation to the South, raised the expectations of agrarian reformers that the Madrid authorities would vote additional funds for that region.
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{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - Archived March 1, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
- This order of magnitude is mentioned in Harrison E. Salisbury, The 900 Days. The Siege of Leningrad. (Avon Books, New York, 1970), pp. 590ff.; Anna Reid, Leningrad. The Epic Siege of World War II, 1941-1944 (2011 Bloomsbury, London), Appendix I (pp. 417-418); various sources cited in Blockade Leningrads 1941-1944. Dossiers (a publication of the Museum Berlin Karlshorst in German and Russian), pp. 110-113.
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- Document PAAA, R60763, transcribed in Verbrechen der Wehrmacht, p. 345.
- Alex J. Kay, Empire of Destruction. A History of Nazi Mass Killing. 2021 Yale University Press, PDF edition, p. 186
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- Alex J. Kay, Empire of Destruction. A History of Nazi Mass Killing. 2021 Yale University Press, PDF edition, p. 186
- Mohammad Gholi Majd: Iran Under Allied Occupation In World War II: The Bridge to Victory & A Land of Famine; University Press of America, 2016.
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- Geoffrey Gunn, The Great Vietnamese Famine of 1944-45 Revisited, The Asia-Pacific Journal Volume 9 | Issue 5 | Number 4 | Article ID 3483 | Jan 24, 2011. The demographics vary from French estimates of 600,000-700,000 dead, to official Vietnamese numbers of 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 victims.
- According to German historian Andreas Kossert, there were about 100,000 to 126,000 German civilians in the city at the time of Soviet conquest in early April 1945, and of these only 24,000 survived to be deported in 1947/48. Hunger accounted for 75 % of the deaths, epidemics (especially typhoid fever) for 2.6 % and violence for 15 % (Andreas Kossert, Ostpreußen. Geschichte und Mythos, 2007 Pantheon Verlag, PDF edition, p. 347). This would mean 76,000 - 102,000 deaths and 57,000 - 76,500 thereof (75 %) from hunger. Peter B. Clark (The Death of East Prussia. War and Revenge in Germany's Easternmost Province, Andover Press 2013, PDF edition, p. 326) refers to Professor Wilhelm Starlinger, the director of the city's two hospitals that cared for typhus patients, who estimated that out of a population of about 100,000 in April 1945, some 25,000 had survived by the time large-scale evacuations began in 1947. This estimate is also mentioned by Richard Bessel, "Unnatural Deaths", in: The Illustrated Oxford History of World War II, edited by Richard Overy, Oxford University Press 2015, pp. 321 to 343, (p. 336).
- The number of excess deaths from hunger and cold has been estimated by historians at several hundred thousand, based on extrapolations from partial data (Der "weiße Tod" im Hungerwinter 1946/47, Norddeutscher Rundfunk, 07.05.2020).
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Food supply remained deficient for most of 1979 and the famine could not be completely avoided. The most dramatic estimates of its toll are around 500,000 deaths (Ea, 1987; Banister and Johnson, 1993; Sliwinski, 1995) but those are again contested as much too high (Kiernan, 1986).
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