List_of_governors-general_of_India

List of governors-general of India

List of governors-general of India

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The Regulating Act of 1773 created the office with the title of Governor-General of Presidency of Fort William, or Governor-General of Bengal to be appointed by the Court of Directors of the East India Company (EIC). The Court of Directors assigned a Council of Four (based in India) to assist the Governor-General, and the decision of the council was binding on the Governor-General during 1773–1784.

The Government of India Act 1833 re-designated the office with the title of Governor-General of India. Lord William Bentinck was the first to be designated as the Governor-general of India in 1833.

After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the company rule was brought to an end, but the British India along with princely states came under the direct rule of the British Crown. The Government of India Act 1858 created the office of Secretary of State for India in 1858 to oversee the affairs of India, which was advised by a new Council of India with 15 members (based in London). The existing Council of Four was formally renamed as the Council of Governor-General of India or Executive Council of India. The Council of India was later abolished by Government of India Act 1935.

Following the adoption of the Government of India Act of 1858, the Governor-General representing the Crown became known as the Viceroy. The designation 'Viceroy', although it was most frequently used in ordinary parlance, had no statutory authority, and was never employed by Parliament. Although the Proclamation of 1858 announcing the assumption of the government of India by the Crown referred to Lord Canning as "first Viceroy and Governor-General", none of the Warrants appointing his successors referred to them as 'Viceroys', and the title, which was frequently used in Warrants dealing with precedence and in public notifications, was one of ceremonies used in connection with the state and social functions of the Sovereign's representative. The Governor-General continued to be the sole representative of the Crown, and the Government of India continued to be vested in the appointments of Governor-General of India which were made by the British Crown upon the advice of Secretary of State for India. The office of Governor-General continued to exist as a ceremonial post in each of the new dominions of India and Pakistan, until they adopted republican constitutions in 1950 and 1956 respectively.

List of governors-general

Before 1773 The Governor-General of the Presidency of Fort William (Bengal) was named as Governor of Bengal, which was in existence from 1757 to 1772. For the list of Governors of Bengal see List of governors of Bengal.

Fort William (Bengal) and India, 1773–1858

More information Governor-General (lifespan), Term of office ...

Governors-General and Viceroys of India and Governors-General of the Dominion of India, 1858–1950

More information Governor-General or Viceroy (lifespan), Term of office ...

See also

Notes

  1. [N 1]
    Originally joined on 28 April 1772.
  2. [N 2]
    Earl Cornwallis from 1762; created Marquess Cornwallis (1792).
  3. [N 3]
    Created Marquess Wellesley (1799).
  4. [N 4]
    Earl of Moira prior to being created Marquess of Hastings in 1816.
  5. [N 5]
    Created Earl Amherst in 1826.
  6. [N 6]
    Created Earl of Auckland in 1839.
  7. [N 7]
    Created Viscount Hardinge in 1846.
  8. [N 8]
    Created Marquess of Dalhousie 1849.
  9. [N 9]
    Created Earl Canning 1859.
  10. [N 10]
    Oliver Russell, 2nd Baron Ampthill was acting Governor-General in 1904.
  11. [N 11]
    Created Earl Mountbatten of Burma on 28 October 1947.

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