List_of_hoards_in_Britain

List of hoards in Great Britain

List of hoards in Great Britain

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The list of hoards in Britain comprises significant archaeological hoards of coins, jewellery, precious and scrap metal objects and other valuable items discovered in Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales). It includes both hoards that were buried with the intention of retrieval at a later date (personal hoards, founder's hoards, merchant's hoards, and hoards of loot), and also hoards of votive offerings which were not intended to be recovered at a later date, but excludes grave goods and single items found in isolation. The list is subdivided into sections according to archaeological and historical periods.

Neolithic hoards

Hoards dating to the Neolithic period, approximately 4000 to 2000 BC, comprise stone weapons and tools such as axeheads and arrowheads. Such hoards are very rare, and only a few are known from Britain.

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Bronze Age hoards

A large number of hoards associated with the British Bronze Age, approximately 2700 BC to 8th century BC, have been found in Great Britain. Most of these hoards comprise bronze tools and weapons such as axeheads, chisels, spearheads and knives, and in many cases may be founder's hoards buried with the intention of recovery at a later date for use in casting new bronze items. A smaller number of hoards include gold torcs and other items of jewellery. As coinage was not in use during the Bronze Age in Great Britain, there are no hoards of coins from this period.

Iron Age hoards

A large number of hoards associated with the British Iron Age, approximately 8th century BC to the 1st century AD, have been found in Britain. Most of the hoards comprise silver or gold Celtic coins known as staters, usually numbered in the tens or hundreds of coins, although the Hallaton Treasure contained over 5,000 silver and gold coins. In addition to hoards of coins, a number of hoards of gold torcs and other items of jewellery have been found, including the Snettisham Hoard, the Ipswich Hoard and the Stirling Hoard.

In September 2020, 1,300 Celtic gold coins were discovered at a location in eastern England, dated back between 40 and 50 A.D.[3]

Romano-British hoards

Hoards associated with the period of Romano-British culture when part of Great Britain was under the control of the Roman Empire, from AD 43 until about 410, as well as the subsequent Sub-Roman period up to the establishment of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms are the most numerous type of hoard found in Great Britain, and Roman coin hoards are particularly well represented, with over 1,200 known examples. In addition to hoards composed largely or entirely of coins, a smaller number of hoards, such as the Mildenhall Treasure and the Hoxne Hoard, include items of silver or gold tableware such as dishes, bowls, jugs and spoons, or items of silver or gold jewellery.

Anglo-Saxon hoards

Appledore Hoard
Appledore Hoard
Bamburgh Hoard
Bamburgh Hoard
Brantham
Brantham
Canterbury
Canterbury
Crondall Hoard
Crondall Hoard
Harkirke Hoard
Harkirke Hoard
Hexham Hoard
Hexham Hoard
Ipswich
Ipswich
Lenborough Hoard
Lenborough Hoard
Pentney Treasure
Pentney Treasure
St Leonard's Place Hoard
St Leonard's Place Hoard
Staffordshire Hoard
Staffordshire Hoard
Trewhiddle Hoard
Trewhiddle Hoard
West Yorkshire Hoard
West Yorkshire Hoard
Anglo-Saxon hoards

Hoards associated with the Anglo-Saxon culture, from the 6th century to 1066, are relatively uncommon. Those that have been found include both hoards of coins and hoards of jewellery and metalwork such as sword hilts and crosses. The Staffordshire Hoard is the largest Anglo-Saxon hoard to have been found, comprising over 1,500 items of gold and silver. More Anglo-Saxon artefacts have been found in the context of grave burials than hoards in England. These include major finds from Sutton Hoo in Suffolk, Taplow in Buckinghamshire, Prittlewell, Mucking and Broomfield in Essex, and Crundale and Sarre in Kent.

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Pictish hoards

Broch of Burgar Hoard
Broch of Burgar Hoard
Gaulcross Hoard
Gaulcross Hoard
Norrie's Law Hoard
Norrie's Law Hoard
St Ninian's Isle Treasure
St Ninian's Isle Treasure
Pictish hoards

Hoards associated with Pictish culture, dating from the end of Roman occupation in the 5th century until about the 10th century, have been found in eastern and northern Scotland. These hoards often contain silver brooches and other items of jewellery.

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Viking hoards

Hoards associated with the Viking culture in Great Britain, dating from the 9th to 11th centuries, are mostly found in northern England and Orkney, and frequently comprise a mixture of silver coins, silver jewellery and hacksilver that has been taken in loot, some coins originating from as far away as the Middle East.

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Later Medieval hoards

Hoards dating to the later medieval period, from 1066 to about 1500, mostly comprise silver pennies, in some cases amounting to many thousands of coins, although the Fishpool Hoard contains over a thousand gold coins.

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Post-Medieval hoards

Most hoards from the post-medieval period, later than 1500, date to the period of the English Civil War (1642–1651), from which time over 200 hoards are known.[77]

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See also

Notes

  1. The hoard was uncovered when preparing a burial ground in an area called Harkirke, or Harkirk (meaning "hoary or grey church"), which is now park land. The only record of the coins was a copperplate engraving of thirty five of them which was reproduced in a book by John Spelman, published in 1678.
  2. The Ainsbrook Hoard is named after the two men who discovered the hoard, Mark Ainsley and Geoffrey Bambrook; it was covered in a special episode of the Channel 4 programme Time Team, first broadcast 14 January 2008. The programme was sceptical about the Viking origins of the hoard, and the location of the find was initially kept secret "to avoid the location becoming known to unscrupulous 'nighthawk' detectorists".[27]
  3. The Eye hoard was not declared to the Portable Antiquities Scheme, but was illegally sold to dealers by the finders, who were convicted of theft and concealing the find in 2019. Only 31 of the coins, a silver ingot, and three pieces of jewellery have been recovered.[34]
  4. The Alderwasley Hoard was found a few metres away from the site of another hoard of clippings in a ceramic jar, weighing 3.6kg, which was discovered in 1846, and subsequently melted down to make silver altarware for the Alderwasley church.[80]
  5. The Mason Hoard is named after its discover, Richard Mason, a builder who found the jug when working on an extension to a modern house in Lindisfarne; he did not realize the jug contained any coins until 2011. The Mason hoard was found at exactly the same location that the 1962 Short Hoard had been found at.
  6. The Short Hoard is named after its discover, Alan Short, a builder who found the jug when working on a modern house in Lindisfarne. The Mason Hoard was found at the same location in 2003.

Footnotes

  1. "Hoard from Ayton East Field". British Museum. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
  2. "The York Hoard: History of York". History of York. Yorkshire Museum. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
  3. Bland 2000, p. 129
  4. Bland 2000, p. 127
  5. Hitchcock 2006, pp. 184, 216
  6. "The Beeston Tor Hoard". Wonders of the Peak. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  7. Grierson, Philip (1979). "The Canterbury (St. Martin's) Hoard of Frankish and Anglo-Saxon Coin-Ornaments". Dark Age Numismatics: Selected Studies. London: Variorum Reprints. pp. 38–51, Corregida 5. ISBN 0-86078-041-4.
  8. Historic England. "Monument No. 39092". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 6 August 2010.
  9. Bishop, Chris (3 November 2021). "Norfolk Anglo-Saxon coins hoard the biggest ever found in Britain". Eastern Daily Press. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
  10. "Largest Anglo-Saxon gold coin hoard found in Norfolk". 3 November 2021. Retrieved 3 November 2021 via www.bbc.co.uk.
  11. "Thousands of ancient coins discovered in Buckinghamshire field". BBC News. 2 January 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
  12. "penannular brooch". British Museum. Retrieved 25 July 2010.
  13. "Battle to keep Leeds treasure hoard". Yorkshire Evening Post. 26 October 2011. Retrieved 26 October 2011.
  14. Graham-Campbell, James (1985). "A lost Pictish treasure (and two Viking-age gold arm-rings) from the Broch of Burgar, Orkney" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 115: 241–261.
  15. Stevenson, R. B. K.; Emery, John (1963–1964). "The Gaulcross hoard of Pictish silver" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 97: 206–211.
  16. "Norrie's Law Hoard". National Museums of Scotland. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  17. Graham-Campbell, James (1991). "Norrie's Law, Fife: on the nature and dating of the silver hoard" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 121: 241–260. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 June 2007.
  18. "Time Team Codename:Ainsbrook". Channel 4. Retrieved 12 August 2010.
  19. Hitchcock 2006, pp. 91–93, 215, 267–269
  20. Blackburn, Mark (1989). "The Ashdon (Essex) Hoard and the Currency of the Southern Danelaw in the Late Ninth Century" (PDF). British Numismatic Journal. 59: 13–38.
  21. "Hoard – YORYM-CEE620". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 26 September 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2012.
  22. "bibliographic record". British and Irish Archaeological Bibliography. Retrieved 17 October 2010.
  23. "The Cuerdale hoard". British Museum. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
  24. "Detectorists stole Viking hoard that 'rewrites history'". BBC News. 21 November 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  25. "How a treasure hunt led to a £3m 'heritage stealing'". BBC News. 21 November 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  26. "Viking coin hoard found in Furness, Cumbria". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 1 July 2011. Archived from the original on 5 September 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2011.
  27. "Viking treasure haul unearthed in Scotland". BBC News. 12 October 2014. Retrieved 12 October 2014.
  28. Rinaldi, Giancarlo (15 June 2017). "Galloway Viking hoard goes on public display in Edinburgh". BBC News. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
  29. Hitchcock 2006, pp. 62–63, 214, 252
  30. "Silver dirhams from the Storr Rock Viking Hoard". National Museums Scotland. Retrieved 21 July 2021.
  31. "Vale of York hoard". British Museum. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
  32. Bland 2000, pp. 49–51, 128
  33. Su, Minjie (10 December 2017). "The Watlington Hoard: The Viking Treasure that Marked the Foundation of England". Retrieved 13 December 2017.
  34. Reavill, Peter. "The FLO and the case of an extraordinary medieval coin hoard" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2010. Retrieved 4 August 2010.
  35. Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 126–127, 134
  36. R.H.M. DOLLEY; I.H. STEWART (1954). "THE 1953 BOOTHAM TREASURE TROVE" (PDF). British Numismatic Journal: 281–293.
  37. "Detectorists find huge Chew Valley Norman coin hoard". BBC News. 28 August 2019. Retrieved 28 August 2019.
  38. Brooks, Howard; Crummy, Nina; Archibald, Marion M. (2004). "A Medieval Lead Canister from Colchester High Street: Hoard Container, or Floor Safe?". Medieval Archaeology. 48: 131–142. doi:10.1179/007660904225022825.
  39. "The Fishpool hoard". British Museum. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
  40. Jope, E.M.; Jope, H.M. (1959). "A hoard of 15th-century coins from Glenluce sand-dunes and their context" (PDF). Medieval Archaeology. 3: 259–279. doi:10.1080/00766097.1959.11735593.
  41. Bland 2000, pp. 132–133
  42. "DOR-018A13 – Coin Hoard". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 31 March 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  43. "DOR-01E360 – Vessel". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 30 July 2008. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  44. "The Reigate Hoard of silver coins and of international gold coins". Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
  45. Stewart, B. H. I. H. (1961). "The Glenluce and Rhoneston Hoards of Fifteenth-Century Coins" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. 93: 238–244.
  46. Barclay, Craig (1995). "The Ryther Treasure Trove" (PDF). British Numismatic Journal. 65: 135–150.
  47. Sturman, C. (1989). "Sir Joseph Banks and the Tealby hoard". Lincolnshire History and Archaeology. 24: 51–52.
  48. "Mass, Prof. Jeffrey P (Short Cross), Part II". 16 March 2005. Retrieved 4 October 2010.
  49. "The Tregwynt Hoard". British Museum. Retrieved 14 July 2010.
  50. Bland & Voden-Decker 2003, pp. 102–103, 106
  51. "The Ackworth Hoard". Wakefield Council. Retrieved 15 November 2012.
  52. "Record ID: HAMP-E4E185". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 8 June 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  53. "Record ID: HAMP-E4E185". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 8 June 2010. Retrieved 19 July 2012.
  54. Barclay, Craig; Besly, Edward (1994). "Appendix 1: Coin hoards from Yorkshire & Humberside - Breckenbrough". A little barrel of Ducatoons: The Civil War Coinage of Yorkshire. Yorkshire Museum. p. 42.
  55. The Cheapside hoard, Museum of London image
  56. Bland & Voden-Decker 2002, pp. 129–130, 134
  57. "Hoard of American gold Double-Eagles dug up in Hackney". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 18 October 2010. Archived from the original on 21 October 2010. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
  58. "The Hackney Hoard". British Museum. 18 April 2011. Retrieved 18 April 2011.
  59. "The Haddiscoe Hoard". Norfolk Museums and Archaeology Service. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
  60. Fox, Deborah (17 March 2017). "The Ham Green Coin Hoard". Museums Worcestershire. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  61. "Spanish-American Gold Coin Hoard declared Treasure". Portable Antiquities Scheme. 23 November 2010. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
  62. Barclay, Craig (1994). "A Civil War Hoard from Middleham, North Yorkshire" (PDF). British Numismatic Journal. 64: 84–98.
  63. Coin hoard BM-193206, Finds.org.uk, Retrieved 16 September 2015
  64. "British Museum to Manage Portable Antiquities Scheme..." Art Daily. 24 November 2010. Archived from the original on 22 November 2008. Retrieved 8 December 2010.
  65. Bland 2000, pp. 140–141
  66. Bland 2000, pp. 141–142
  67. "Corinium Museum Blog". 21 July 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2017.

References


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