List_of_political_parties_in_Germany

List of political parties in Germany

List of political parties in Germany


The Federal Republic of Germany has a plural multi-party system. Historically, the largest by members and parliament seats are the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), with its sister party, the Christian Social Union (CSU) and Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Germany also has a number of other parties, in recent history most importantly the Free Democratic Party (FDP), Alliance 90/The Greens, The Left, and more recently the Alternative for Germany (AfD). The federal government of Germany often consisted of a coalition of a major and a minor party, specifically CDU/CSU and FDP or SPD and FDP, and from 1998 to 2005 SPD and Greens. From 1966 to 1969, from 2005 to 2009 and from 2013 to 2021, the federal government consisted of a coalition of the two major parties, called a grand coalition.[1]

Coalitions in the Bundestag and state legislatures are often described by party colors. Party colors are red for the Social Democratic Party, green for Alliance 90/The Greens, yellow for the Free Democratic Party, purple (officially red, which is customarily used for the SPD) for the Left, light blue for the AfD, and black and blue for the CDU and CSU respectively.[2][3]

Current parties

Party membership in Germany (since 1945; East German parties joined in 1990)

Parties represented in the Bundestag

More information Party, Abbr. ...

    Parties represented in the European Parliament

    More information Party, Abbr. ...

    Parties only represented in state parliaments

    More information Name, Abbr. ...

    Minor parties

    More information Name, Abbr. ...

    Historical parties

    Defunct parties in the Federal Republic of Germany

    More information Logo, Name ...

    Defunct parties in Allied-occupied Germany

    More information Logo, Name ...

    Parties in East Germany

    More information Bloc, Logo ...

    During transition (1989–90)

    More information Alliance, Logo ...

    Parties in the Saar Protectorate

    More information Name, Abbr. ...

    Parties in Weimar Republic

    More information Logo, Name ...

    Parties founded before World War I

    More information Name, Abbr. ...

    See also

    Notes

    1. BSW is widely considered far-left, but it was also described as left-wing or left-conservative; the latter label is because some stances of the party on cultural issues are seen as conservative.

    References

    1. "Chronik: Bundestagswahlen von 1949 bis 2002 | Deutschland | Deutsche Welle | 02.10.2005". Archived from the original on 8 November 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2009.
    2. "Political parties form colorful spectrum in Germany". Deutsche Welle. 18 August 2009. Retrieved 12 September 2009.
    3. The Green party: Getting used to opposition, Deutsche Welle, 24 August 2009, retrieved 12 October 2009, This made a so-called Jamaica coalition with the Christian Democratic Union and the Free Democratic Party impossible.
    4. Deutsche Presse-Agentur (11 January 2025). "Mitgliederentwicklung 2024: Grüne und CDU legen zu". Süddeutsche Zeitung (in German). Berlin. Eine besondere Rolle nimmt das Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht (BSW) ein. Die Partei gründete sich im Januar 2024, der Berliner Landesverband erst Mitte Juli. Unter den 44 Gründungsmitgliedern auf Bundesebene waren 15 Berlinerinnen und Berliner, inzwischen sind es 115 von bundesweit rund 1.200. [The Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW) plays a special role. The party was founded in January 2024, with the Berlin state association not established until mid-July. Of the 44 founding members at the federal level, 15 were from Berlin; now, 115 of the approximately 1,200 members are from Berlin.]
    5. Skiadas, Christos H.; Bozeman, James R. (7 March 2019). "14: Visualizing the Political Spectrum of Germany by Contiguously Ordering the Party Policy Profiles". John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781119579533. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
    6. "CDU-Konservative: Was die Werteunion ist und was sie will - ZDFheute". 13 February 2020. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
    7. Bildung, Bundeszentrale für politische (26 August 2024). "Deutsch Land Wirtschaft". bpb.de (in German). Retrieved 8 December 2024.
    8. "Vorstand". Piratenpartei Deutschland (in German). Retrieved 28 December 2024.

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