List_of_rulers_of_Austria

List of rulers of Austria

List of rulers of Austria

From 976 until 1246, the Margraviate of Austria and its successor, the Duchy of Austria, was ruled by the House of Babenberg. At that time, those states were part of the Holy Roman Empire. From 1246 until 1918, the duchy and its successor, the Archduchy of Austria, was ruled by the House of Habsburg. Following the defeat of Austria-Hungary in World War I, the titles were abolished or fell into abeyance with the erection of the modern Republic of Austria.

Quick Facts Margraves, Dukes, Archdukes and Emperors of Austria, Details ...

Margraves and Dukes of Austria under the House of Babenberg

Main articles: House of Babenberg, Margrave, March of Austria, and Duchy of Austria

The March of Austria, also known as Marcha Orientalis, was first formed in 976 out of the lands that had once been the March of Pannonia in Carolingian times. The oldest attestation dates back to 996, where the written name "ostarrichi" occurs in a document transferring land in present-day Austria to a Bavarian monastery. In 1156, the Privilegium Minus elevated the march to a duchy, independent of the Duchy of Bavaria.

More information Name, BirthDeath ...

Dukes and Archdukes of Austria under the House of Habsburg

Main articles: House of Habsburg, Duchy of Austria, and Archduchy of Austria

Count Rudolf of Habsburg, elected as king of Germany (1273), was able during 1276–1278 to decisively defeat his main rival, the Bohemian king Ottokar II, and to regain his Austrian domains back for the Empire. By his imperial authority, Rudolf later (1282) invested his sons Albrecht and Rudolf with the duchies of Austria and Styria, thereby securing them for the House of Habsburg. Austria remained under Habsburg rule for more than 600 years, forming the core of the Habsburg monarchy and the present-day country of Austria.

The most important Austrian rulers until the Victory at Vienna in 1683 are described in the book Symmetria iuridico Austriaca.

Possessions (and partitions) of Austria under Habsburg domain

Duchy of Austria
(1291–1379)
Includes the Duchies of Styria and Carinthia, and the March of Carniola from 1358
Includes the County of Tyrol from 1363
Carniola was raised to Duchy of Carniola in 1364
Partitioned by the Treaty of Neuberg in 1379
Duchy of
Lower Austria
(1379–1457)		 Duchies of Inner and Further Austria
(with Styria, Carinthia, Carniola and Tyrol)
(1379–1406)
Duchy of
Inner Austria
(with Styria, Carinthia
and Carniola)
(1406–1453)		 Duchy of
Further Austria
(1406–1439)		 County of
Tyrol
(1406–1439)
Duchy of Further Austria
(with Tyrol)
(1439–1453)
Raised to:
Archduchy of
Inner Austria
(1453–1490)		 Raised to:
Archduchy of
Further Austria
(1453–1490)
Archduchy of Austria
(Inner Austrian line)
(1490–1564)
Archduchy of Lower
and Upper Austria
(1564–1619)		 Archduchy of
Inner Austria
(1564–1619)		 Archduchy of
Further Austria
(with Tyrol)
(1564–1619)
Archduchy of Austria
(1619–1623)
Archduchy of Lower
and Inner Austria
(1623–1665)		 Archduchy of
Further Austria
(1623–1665)
Archduchy of Austria
(Lower/Inner Austrian line)
(1665–1804)

Table of rulers

More information Ruler, BirthDeath ...

In 1806 the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved.

Emperors of Austria (1804–1918)

See also: Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary

House of Habsburg-Lorraine

Following the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, Francis created his own Empire of Austria.

More information Ruler, BirthDeath ...

Following the defeat in World War I, the Empire was dissolved in 1918.

See also

References

  1. [1]
    Some sources state that he was disinherited, while giving no reason for that. It's possible that it this argument was an attempt to justifiy the unusual choice of young Leopold IV as successor to his father.
  2. [2]
    Continuatio Prædictorum Vindobonensium 1125, MGH SS, p. 725.
  3. [3]
    His epithet as no certain origin; it's possible that it derived from the oath joch sam mir got helfe ("Yes, so help me God")
  4. [4]
    Lyon 2013, p. 124.
  5. [5]
    Continuatio Scotorum 1227, MGH SS IX, p. 624
  6. [6]
    Continuatio Zwetlenses III 1252, MGH SS IX, p. 655.
  7. [7]
    Angold 2011, p. 54.
  8. [8]
    His numbering, if counted as I, reflects, not the ducal succession of the Babenbergs (being in fact the third ruler of Austria bearing this name), but of the comital Habsburgs, being the first member of the family with this name. However, he may have adopted his German numeral III in Austria, as the next de facto rulers of Austria who bore the same name styled themselves as Frederick IV and Frederick V. So, inadvertently, the numbering of de facto ruling Fredericks actually follow the Babenberg counting.
  9. [9]
    His numbering reflects, not the ducal succession of the Babenbergs (being in fact the seventh ruler of Austria bearing this name), but of the comital Habsburgs, being the first member of the family with this name.
  10. [10]
    Numbered III by including the titular duke Leopold II (1339–1344)
  11. [11]
    Numbered IV by including either only the de facto duke Frederick the Fair, sometimes numbered III, or by including the titular dukes Frederick (II) (1339–1344) and Frederick (III) (1347–1362).
  12. [12]
    Pavlac, Brian A.; Lott, Elizabeth S. (1 June 2019). The Holy Roman Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 255, 278. ISBN 978-1-4408-4856-8. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  13. [13]
    Fichtner, Paula Sutter (7 March 2017). The Habsburg Monarchy, 1490-1848: Attributes of Empire. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-137-10642-1. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  14. [14]
    In German Articles and Books these Archdukes' names and titles are normally completed with the territorial names of their Duchy as: "Charles II of Inner Austria" = "Karl der II. von Inner Österreich"

Works cited
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