Washington Capitals

On April 2, 2014, the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League (NHL) signed Bowey to a three-year, entry-level contract^[2] to begin with the 2014–15 NHL season.

On October 14, 2017, Bowey was recalled from the Hershey Bears to replace Matt Niskanen who was placed on injured reserve.^[3] On October 26, 2017, he earned his first NHL point on an assist for Chandler Stephenson's first NHL goal in a 6–2 loss against the Vancouver Canucks.^[4] On June 7, 2018, Bowey won his first Stanley Cup with the Washington Capitals after defeating the Vegas Golden Knights in five games to capture the first Stanley Cup in the history of their franchise.^[5] Although Bowey did not play in the playoffs, he still met the regular season games played requirement to have his name engraved on the Stanley Cup.

In the following 2018–19 season, Bowey made the opening night roster for the first time in his career. On December 29, in a 3–2 win over the Ottawa Senators, both Bowey and fellow rookie defenseman Tyler Lewington recorded their first NHL goals, making the two players the first defensemen in Capitals history to score their first NHL goals in the same game.^[6] Bowey recorded six points in 33 games for the Capitals.

Detroit Red Wings

On February 22, 2019, the Capitals traded Bowey to the Detroit Red Wings, along with a second-round pick in the 2020 NHL Entry Draft, in exchange for Nick Jensen, and a fifth-round pick in the 2019 NHL Entry Draft.^[7]

He scored his first goal with the Red Wings on March 14 against the Tampa Bay Lightning.^[8]

Chicago Blackhawks

After going unsigned at the beginning of the 2020–21 season, Bowey initially signed a professional try-out (PTO) with the San Diego Gulls, the AHL affiliate of the Anaheim Ducks, on January 21, 2021.^[9] Bowey left the Gulls mid training camp after he was signed to a two-year, $1.45 million contract by the Chicago Blackhawks on January 28, 2021.^[10]

Vancouver Canucks

On April 12, 2021, during the 2021 NHL Trade Deadline, Bowey and a 2021 fifth-round pick were traded to the Vancouver Canucks in exchange for a 2021 fourth-round pick.^[11]

Montreal Canadiens

As a free agent from the Canucks, Bowey was signed to a one-year, two-way contract with the Montreal Canadiens on July 13, 2022.^[12]

KHL

Without a contract offer prior to the start of the 2023–24 NHL season, Bowey opted to sign overseas, inking a one-year deal with Belarus based Dinamo Minsk of the KHL on August 31, 2023.^[13] Bowey opened the season with Minsk, making 8 appearances from the blueline posting 2 assists, before he was traded to Russian club, Traktor Chelyabinsk, in exchange for Rob Hamilton on October 1, 2023.^[14] On December 27, 2023 he was traded to another Russian club, Torpedo Nizhny Novgorod.^[15]