Types of magistrates' courts

In addition to the Court of Summary Jurisdiction and the Local Court, the other courts constituted by a magistrate were :

• The Youth Justice Court, established by the Youth Justice Act (NT). It hears criminal charges against young offenders. A Youth is a person who was under the age of 18 at the time of being charged or appearing before the court
• The Community Court of the Northern Territory aimed to achieve community involvement in the sentencing process and to broaden the sentencing process.
• The Family Matters Court of the Northern Territory was established under the Community Welfare Act (NT). It makes orders in respect of the welfare or guardianship of children considered to be in need of care.
• The Work Health Court of the Northern Territory which deals with workers' compensation claims.
• The Alcohol Court of the Northern Territory dealt with alcohol dependency that leads to crime to reduce the incidence of crime, help to rehabilitate offenders, and improve health and social amenity.
• The Coroners Court of the Northern Territory, appointed under the Coroners Act (NT) to hold inquests into deaths.

Civil jurisdiction

The Local Court has jurisdiction to deal with civil claims for damages, debt and equitable relief if the amount sought is less than $250,000.^{[lower-alpha 1]} The only exception is claims that are less than $25,000 that can be heard by the Northern Territory Civil and Administrative Tribunal (NTCAT).^[11] The parties to the claim can agree to have larger amounts determined by the Court. Cases are commenced by way of a statement of claim alleging the nature of the claim. The court encourages parties to complete their claims in plain English using non-technical language wherever possible. However some claims may need to be properly formulated with legal terminology. A person can defend the statement of claim by lodging a written defence. The defence essentially answers the allegations made by the plaintiff and may allege any facts in support of the defence. Additionally, the defendant may counter-claim against the plaintiff if there is a claim.^[12] After a defence is filed, the registrar of the court fixes a conciliation conference to which the parties are required to attend. Parties can explore settlement or the matter can be listed for hearing. Cases are heard by a local Court judge.^[13]

Criminal jurisdiction

The court has jurisdiction to deal with less serious offences, called summary offences, for which the penalty is a fine or 2 years or less in prison.^[14] These are heard by a local court judge who decides if the accused is guilty or not guilty and if they are guilty imposes a penalty. In 2016/17 the Local Court dealt with 13,447 cases, including 2,172 cases in the Youth Justice Court, 4,436 domestic violence cases and 494 care and protection cases, .^[15]

The court is also the first stage of dealing with serious offences, in which the judge decides if there is enough evidence for the person to be tried in the Supreme Court, typically by a jury.

The court also deals with other preliminary matters such as whether a person should be released on bail.

Circuit courts

Judges are allocated to travel to all parts of the territory to hear cases. Judges based in Darwin are allocated to the Northern and Katherine circuits while judges based in Alice Springs are allocated to the Southern circuit.^{[citation needed]} In remote circuit courts, known as "bush courts", many Aboriginal court practices are used on an informal basis; community views and relevant cultural information are provided to the courts.^[4]

Northern Circuit Courts

Katherine Circuit Courts

Southern Circuit Courts