Sultan Mahmud Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Ahmad Al-Mu’azzam Shah (Jawi: سلطان محمود شاه ابن المرحوم سلطان أحمد المعظم شاه; 4 February 1868 – 19 June 1917) is the second modern Sultan of Pahang who ruled from 1914 to 1917. Born as Tun Long Mahmud, he was the second and eldest surviving son of Paduka Sri Baginda Sultan Besar Ahmad Al-Mu’azzam Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun Ali by his second wife, Cik Pah binti Arshad.^{[citation needed]}

Born at the Royal Palace, Pekan Lama, 4 February 1868, as Tun Long Mahmud, second and eldest surviving son of Paduka Sri Baginda Al-Sultan Besar Sir Ahmad Muazdam Shah ibni al-Marhum Bendahara Sri Maharaja Tun ‘Ali, Sultan of Pahang, KCMG, by his second wife, Cik Pah binti Arshad. Raised to the title of Tengku 5 December 1884. His poor health precluded him from taking active part in affairs of the state following his accession, and he died in 1917, leaving no heir. He was succeeded by his brother, Abdullah al-Mu'tassim Billah of Pahang.^[1]