Maria Schalcken (1645–1699), was a Dutch Golden Age painter. She was a sister and pupil of Godfried Schalcken.

She was born in Dordrecht, the daughter of the rector of the school there.^[1] She was the younger sister of the painter Godfried Schalcken, who first learned to paint from Samuel van Hoogstraten and later from Gerard Dou.^[1] She is thought to have begun her studies around 1665, but gave up the practice in 1682 upon marriage to the merchant Severijn van Bracht.^[2]

According to the Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis (RKD) she is known for genre works.^[3] Her self-portrait was attributed to her brother until it was cleaned in the 20th century and her full signature appeared.^[4] There is one other known work by her hand entitled Boy Offering Grapes to a Woman which resides in the Leiden Collection, but historians suspect that other works currently attributed to her brother may have been executed by her.^[2] She died in Dordrecht around 1700.