Market_Cross

Market cross

Market cross

Structure marking a market square


A market cross, or in Scots, a mercat cross, is a structure used to mark a market square in market towns, where historically the right to hold a regular market or fair was granted by the monarch, a bishop or a baron.

The elaborate Malmesbury market cross
French market with cross, c.1400

History

Market crosses were originally from the distinctive tradition in Early Medieval Insular art of free-standing stone standing or high crosses, often elaborately carved, which goes back to the 7th century. Market crosses can be found in many market towns in Britain.[1] British emigrants often installed such crosses in their new cities, and several can be found in Canada and Australia.[2]

The market cross could be representing the official site for a medieval town or village market, granted by a charter, or it could have once represented a traditional religious marking at a crossroads.[2]

Design

These structures range from carved stone spires, obelisks or crosses, common to small market towns such as that in Stalbridge, Dorset,[3] to large, ornate covered structures, such as the Chichester Cross,[4] or Malmesbury Market Cross.[5] They can also be constructed from wood; an example is at Wymondham, Norfolk.[6]

Towns and villages in Great Britain with a market cross

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

W

See also

Notes

  1. This monument, a replacement for a market cross, was demolished in January 2019.

References

  1. Green, Edward (2019). "Stone crosses". buildingconservation.com. Building Conservation. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  2. "Butter cross". seiyaku.com. Seiyaku. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  3. "Market Cross, Stalbridge, Dorset". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  4. Harwood, Amanda (2021). "Chichester's market cross". thenovium.org. The Novium Museum. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  5. "Malmesbury market cross". athelstanmuseum.org.uk. Athelstan Museum Malmesbury. 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  6. "Record details 9446". heritage.norfolk.gov.uk. Norfolk Heritage Explorer. 2021. Retrieved 22 February 2021.
  7. "Aberdeen, Castle Street, Market Cross". canmore.org.uk. Canmore. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  8. "Monument record MDR12718 - The Market Place, Ashbourne". her.derbyshire.gove.uk. Derbyshire Historic Environment Record. Retrieved 18 February 2021. Ashbourne had a market cross up to 1790. It now has a 19th century monument known as the market cross, dedicated to industrialist Frederick Wright.
  9. Historic England. "Banbury Cross (1199654)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 February 2021. This is a grand Victorian replacement on the site of an earlier cross.
  10. Historic England. "Market cross (1012154)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. These two listings appear to refer to the same market cross
  11. Historic England. "Butter cross at the Old Market Hall (1133343)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 February 2021. Re-erected at Old Market Hall 1984
  12. Historic England. "Remains of market cross about 30 yards south west of Well Cottage (1179784)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. The stump of the market cross is close to the war memorial column
  13. Historic England. "Market cross (1012877)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. These two listings appear to refer to the same market cross
  14. Historic England. "Chester High Cross (1376246)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 18 February 2021. Also known as the market cross
  15. Historic England. "The market cross (1026826)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 February 2021. NHLE has two separate records for the same Chichester market cross
  16. Historic England. "Market cross (1155090)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 February 2021. The 19th century one
  17. "Culross market cross". canmore.org.uk. Canmore. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
  18. Historic England. "Market cross in the grounds of Myddleton House (1079478)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. Myddleton House gardens are normally open to the public in daytime.
  19. Historic England. "Grantham market cross (1009212)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. This appears to be two listing numbers for a single market cross
  20. Historic England. "Market cross (1382383)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. Stump. Remains of head now in Guildhall, according to listing
  21. Historic England. "Leighton Buzzard market cross (1005429)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. The Leighton-Linslade and Leighton Buzzard listings appear to refer to the same monument
  22. Historic England. "Somerton market cross (1016740)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. This single market cross has two listings
  23. Historic England. "Market cross (1110546)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 20 February 2021. Base with steps and pedestal
  24. Historic England. "Remains of market cross inside number 19 (1284135)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021. As of 2020 this monument was still inside the Vale and Downland Museum, Wantage.
  25. Historic England. "Socket of market cross opposite Egremont Hotel (1057475)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 February 2021.Williton has (or had) two market crosses and a churchyard cross.

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