Mass_Rapid_Transit_Master_Plan_in_Bangkok_Metropolitan_Region
Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region
Thai urban rail transit system
The Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, or M-Map, is the latest version in a series of Thai government plans for the development of an urban rail transit network serving the Greater Bangkok area. It was drafted under the care of the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) of the Ministry of Transport.
Bangkok Mass Rapid Transit System | |
---|---|
Overview | |
Owner | BMA MRTA SRT |
Locale | Bangkok Metropolitan Region |
Transit type | Commuter rail • SRT • SRT Airport rail link • ARL Rapid transit • BTS • BTS • MRT • MRT • MRT (under construction) Light rail • Silver Line (planned) Monorail • MRT • MRT (planned) • MRT • MRL (planned) • MRL (planned) People Mover • MRL |
Number of lines | Current: 10 lines (Total planned: 15 lines) |
Number of stations | 190 out of planned 310 |
Daily ridership | 1.68 million[1] |
Operation | |
Began operation | 5 December 1999 |
Operator(s) | S.R.T. Electrified Train • SRT • SRT Asia Era One • ARL Bangkok Mass Transit System • BTS • BTS • MRT • MRT • MRL Bangkok Expressway and Metro • MRT • MRT • MRT (likely) |
Technical | |
System length | 261.47 km (162 mi) |
Track gauge | MRT, BTS and Airport Rail Link: 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge SRT Red Lines: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge |
Electrification | MRT and BTS: 750 V DC third rail ARL and SRT: 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead catenary |
Top speed | MRT and BTS: 80 km/h (50 mph) ARL and SRT: 160 km/h (99 mph) |
Mass Rapid Transit Systems Master Plan (MTMP)
The first version of the plan, endorsed by the cabinet on 27 September 1994 and to be implemented from 1995 to 2011, consisted of an extension of 135 kilometres (84 mi) to the three systems already in progress (the MRT Blue Line, the Sukhumvit and Silom lines of the BTS Skytrain and the Bangkok Elevated Road and Train System (BERTS)), which would have had a combined length of 103 kilometres (64 mi).[2]
Urban Rail Transportation Master Plan in Bangkok and Surrounding Areas (URMAP)
Following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis and the cancellation of the BERTS, a system totalling 375 kilometres (233 mi) to begin in 2001 was proposed, to be developed in three stages: 141.9 kilometres (88.2 mi) during 2001–11, 158.2 kilometres (98.3 mi) during 2012–21 and 75.3 kilometres (46.8 mi) from 2022 onwards.[2]
Bangkok Mass Transit Master Plan (BMT)
Due to the slow progress of development following URMAP, a new plan was drafted consisting of 475.05 kilometres (295.18 mi) of rail in addition to the then-completed MRT Blue Line, the Sukhumvit and Silom BTS lines, the MRT purple line, and the Airport Rail Link to undergo rapid development during 2010–29. The plan was approved by the cabinet in 2016, and consisted of the following extensions:
- Light Green Line: North–south extension of the BTS to Khu Khot and Kheha Samut Prakan
- Dark Green Line: West extension of the BTS to Yot Se
- Blue Line: Extension of the MRT Blue Line to complete a quasi circle line with a branch to Lak Song
- Purple Line: South extension to Rat Burana is under construction
- Orange Line: Running east–west Min Buri to Bang Khun Non
- SRT Dark Red Line: Running north–southwest from Rangsit to Krung Thep Aphiwat to Maha Chai
- SRT Light Red Line: running east–west from Hua Mak to Sala Ya
- Airport Rail Link: North extension to Don Mueang
Original M-Map (2010)
The first M-Map plan was endorsed by the Commission for the Management of Land Traffic in 2010.[3] It designated eight primary routes, consisting of two commuter rail lines, an airport rail link, and five rapid transit lines, as well as five feeder lines. The routes, totaling 555.74 kilometres (345.32 mi), were to be constructed within a development period of twenty years (2010–29). They were:[4]
Primary lines | ||
---|---|---|
Rapid transit type | Line | Route |
Heavy rail: Commuter | SRT Dark Red Line | Thammasat University – Rangsit – Krung Thep Aphiwat – Hua Lamphong – Bang Bon – Maha Chai |
SRT Light Red Line | Sala Ya – Taling Chan – Hua Mak | |
Heavy rail: Metro | SRT Airport Rail Link | Suvarnabhumi – Phaya Thai – Krung Thep Aphiwat – Don Mueang |
Heavy rail: Metro | BTS Light Green Line and extension of BTS | East Outer Ring Road – Khu Khot – Saphan Mai – Mo Chit – On Nut – Bearing – Kheha Samut Prakan – Bang Pu |
BTS Dark Green Line and extension of BTS | Yot Se – Saphan Taksin – Bang Wa – Taling Chan | |
MRT Blue Line and extension of MRT | Tha Phra – Bang Sue – Hua Lamphong – Tha Phra – Lak Song – Phutthamonthon Sai 4 | |
MRT Purple Line | Khlong Bang Phai – Tao Poon – Khru Nai | |
MRT Orange Line | Bang Khun Non – Thailand Cultural Centre – Yaek Rom Klao | |
Feeder lines | ||
Rapid transit type | Line | Route |
Monorail | MRT Yellow Line | Lat Phrao – Samrong |
MRT Pink Line | Nonthaburi Civic Center – Min Buri | |
Grey Line | Watcharaphon – Rama IX Bridge | |
Light Blue Line | Pracha Songkhro – Chong Nonsi |
Development would be divided into three stages, in addition to those lines already open or under construction.[5]
M-Map 2 (2017)
The 2010 M-Map did not reflect more recent changes to the priority of constructing new rapid transit lines in Bangkok. While the Orange, Yellow and Pink lines received approval in the years that followed, the Grey and Light Blue lines remained unapproved at the time of the next M-Map. In March 2017, the Minister of Transport announced the development of the Second Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (M-Map 2).[6] The Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) was the main agency responsible for this master plan's development, with technical assistance from the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).[7]
The initial project materials listed the following lines as part of the plan:[8]
Primary lines | ||
---|---|---|
Rapid transit type | Line | Route |
Heavy rail: Commuter | SRT Dark Red Line | Thammasat University – Rangsit – Krung Thep Aphiwat – Hua Lamphong – Bang Bon – Maha Chai |
SRT Light Red Line | Sala Ya – Taling Chan – Hua Mak | |
Heavy rail: Commuter | SRT Airport Rail Link and extension | Suvarnabhumi – Phaya Thai – Krung Thep Aphiwat – Don Mueang |
Heavy rail: Metro | BTS Light Green Line | East Outer Ring Road – Khu Khot – Saphan Mai – Mo Chit – On Nut – Bearing – Kheha Samut Prakan – Bang Pu |
BTS Dark Green Line | Yot Se – Saphan Taksin – Bang Wa – Taling Chan | |
MRT Blue Line | Tha Phra – Bang Sue – Hua Lamphong – Tha Phra – Lak Song – Phutthamonthon Sai 4 | |
MRT Purple Line | Khlong Bang Phai – Tao Poon – Khru Nai | |
MRT Orange Line | Bang Khun Non – Thailand Cultural Centre – Yaek Rom Klao | |
Feeder lines | ||
Rapid transit type | Line | Route |
Monorail | MRT Yellow Line | Phaholyothin 24 – Lat Phrao – Samrong |
MRT Pink Line and Impact Link Spur Line | Nonthaburi Civic Center – (Si Rat – Mueang Thong Lake) – Min Buri |
In 2019, JICA released a Proposed M-MAP2 Blueprint study, outlining "key policy directions and measures based on which the M-MAP2 will be developed by the Thai Government".[9] The Department of Rail Transport, OTP's successor agency for rail transport planning, is in the process of completing M-Map 2.[10] [11]
Lines outside of M-Map 2
As of 2022[update], the Grey and Light Blue line projects remain unapproved; however, the MRT Brown Line project, which will link Nonthaburi Civic Center with the Lam Sali intersection between Ramkhamhaeng and Srinagarindra roads, has gained cabinet approval. Additionally, a Gold Line along Charoen Nakhon road that starts at Krung Thonburi, partially funded by property developer Siam Piwat, has been operational outside of the M-Map framework since 2020 and is planned to be further extended towards the Memorial Bridge, linking it with the Purple Line extension that runs through the bridge's surrounding area.
Rapid transit type | Line | Route |
---|---|---|
Monorail | BMA Grey Line | Watcharaphon – Rama IX Bridge |
Light Blue Line | Pracha Songkhro – Chong Nonsi | |
MRT Brown Line | Nonthaburi Civic Center – Yaek Lam Sali | |
Automated guideway transit | BMA Gold Line | Krung Thonburi – Memorial Bridge |
Light rail | BMA Silver Line | Bang Na – Suvarnabhumi |
Line Name | Commencement | Last extension | Next extension | Terminus | Length
(km) |
Stations | Track Gauge | Signalling | Power Supply | Owner | Operator(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commuter rail | ||||||||||||
Dark Red Line | 29 November 2021; 2 years ago (2021-11-29) | - | January 2028 | Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal | Rangsit | 22.5 km (14.0 mi) | 10 | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) | ETCS Level 1 | 25 kV AC 50 Hz, overhead line | State Railway of Thailand | S.R.T. Electrified Train |
Light Red Line | February 2028 | Taling Chan | 14.93 km (9.28 mi) | 4 | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) | |||||||
Airport rail link | ||||||||||||
Airport rail link | 23 August 2010; 13 years ago (2010-08-23) | - | 2027 | Phaya Thai | Suvarnabhumi | 28.17 km (17.50 mi) | 8 | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | Fixed-block Siemens LZB 700M | 25 kV AC 50 Hz, overhead line | State Railway of Thailand | Previous: S.R.T. Electrified Train Current: Asia Era One |
Rapid Transit | ||||||||||||
Sukhumvit Line | 5 December 1999; 24 years ago (1999-12-05) | 16 December 2020; 3 years ago (2020-12-16) | TBA | Khu Khot | Kheha | 51.17 km (31.80 mi) | 47 | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | Previous: Fixed-block Siemens LZB 700M ATC Current: Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 450 CBTC |
750 V DC, Third Rail | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration | Bangkok Mass Transit System |
Silom Line | 8 February 2021; 3 years ago (2021-02-08) | National Stadium | Bang Wa | 13.09 km (8.13 mi) | 14 | |||||||
Blue Line | 3 July 2004; 19 years ago (2004-07-03) | 23 December 2019; 4 years ago (2019-12-23) | Tha Phra | Lak Song | 46.91 km (29.15 mi) | 38 | Fixed-block Siemens LZB 700M ATC | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand | Bangkok Expressway and Metro | |||
Purple Line | 6 August 2016; 7 years ago (2016-08-06) | - | March 2027 | Khlong Bang Phai | Tao Poon | 20.92 km (13.00 mi) | 16 | Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 650 CBTC | ||||
Monorail | ||||||||||||
Pink Line | 21 November 2023; 4 months ago (2023-11-21) | - | 2025 | Nonthaburi Civic Centre | Min Buri | 33.9 km (21.1 mi) | 30 | - | Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 650 CBTC | 750 V DC, Third Rail | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand | Bangkok Mass Transit System |
Yellow Line | 3 June 2023; 10 months ago (2023-06-03) | 19 June 2023; 9 months ago (2023-06-19) | - | Lat Phrao | Samrong | 28.62 km (17.78 mi) | 23 | |||||
People Mover | ||||||||||||
Gold Line | 16 December 2020; 3 years ago (2020-12-16) | - | TBA | Krung Thon Buri | Khlong San | 1.67 km (1.04 mi) | 3 | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | Moving-block Bombardier Cityflo 650 CBTC | 750 V DC, Third Rail | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration | Bangkok Mass Transit System |
Line Name | Name | Planned
opening date |
Terminus | Length
(km) |
Stations | Status | Owner | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commuter rail | ||||||||
Dark Red Line | Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) to Ban Pachi Junction section | TBA | Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) | Ban Pachi Junction | ≈22 km (14 mi) | 9 | Planning | State Railway of Thailand |
Hua Lamphong to Mahachai section | Hua Lamphong | Mahachai | 34.76 km (21.60 mi) | 20 | ||||
Mahachai to Pak Tho section | Mahachai | Pak Tho | ≈78 km (48 mi) | 17 | ||||
Rangsit to Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) section | January 2028 | Rangsit | Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) | 10.3 km (6.4 mi) | 4 | To be tendered | ||
Missing Link section | TBA | Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal | Hua Lamphong | 7.71 km (4.79 mi) | 5 | Approved | ||
Light Red Line | Hua Mak | 18.2 km (11.3 mi) | ||||||
Taling Chan to Salaya section with two additional stations; Rama 6 and EGAT stations | February 2028 | Taling Chan | Salaya | 12.64 km (7.85 mi) | 6 | To be tendered | ||
Taling Chan to Siriraj section | Siriraj | 5.86 km (3.64 mi) | 3 | |||||
Hua Mak to Chachoengsao section | TBA | Hua Mak | Chachoengsao | ≈40 km (25 mi) | 10 | Planning | ||
Salaya to Nakhon Pathom section | Salaya | Nakhon Pathom | ≈29 km (18 mi) | 6 | ||||
Ractchaprarop to Mae Nam section | Ratchaprarop | Mae Nam | ≈6 km (3.7 mi) | 3 | ||||
Airport rail link | ||||||||
Airport Rail Link | Don Mueang–Suvarnabhumi–U-Tapao high-speed railway (Phaya Thai to Don Mueang section) | 2029 | Phaya Thai | Don Mueang | 20.31 km (12.62 mi) | 2 | Approved | State Railway of Thailand |
Rapid Transit | ||||||||
Sukhumvit Line | Khu Khot to Lam Luk Ka extension | TBA | Khu Khot | Eastern Ring Road Lam Luk Ka | 7.8 km (4.8 mi) | 4 | Postponed | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand |
Kheha to Tamru extension | Kheha | Tamru | 10.1 km (6.3 mi) | 5 | ||||
Infill station between Ari and Saphan Khwai stations | Sena Ruam | - | 1 | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration | ||||
Silom Line | National Stadium to Yot Se extension | National Stadium | Yot Se | 1.2 km (0.75 mi) | 1 | Planning | ||
Bang Wa to Taling Chan extension | Bang Wa | Taling Chan | 7.94 km (4.93 mi) | 7 | ||||
Blue Line | Lak Song to Putthamonthon Sai 4 extension | Lak Song | Putthamonthon Sai 4 | 8.3 km (5.2 mi) | 4 | Postponed | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand | |
Purple Line | MRT Purple Line Southern section | March 2027 | Tao Poon | Kru Nai | 22.78 km (14.15 mi) | 17 | Under construction | |
Orange Line | MRT Orange Line Eastern section | 2026 | Thailand Cultural Centre | Yaek Rom Klao | 21 km (13 mi) | 17 | ||
MRT Orange Line Western Section | 2029 | Bang Khun Non | Thailand Cultural Centre | 13.1 km (8.1 mi) | 11 | To be retendered | ||
Bang Khun Non to Taling Chan section | TBA | Taling Chan | Bang Khun Non | 4.4 km (2.7 mi) | 1 | Approved | ||
Light Rapid Transit | ||||||||
Silver Line | Bang Na - Suvarnabhumi light rail project | TBA | Bang Na | Suvarnabhumi Airport South Terminal | ≈20 km (12 mi) | 14 | Postponed | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
(to be transferred to Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand) |
Monorail | ||||||||
Pink Line | Impact Arena Spur Line | 2025 | Muang Thong Thani | Lake Muang Thong Thani | 2.65 km (1.65 mi) | 2 | Under construction | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand |
Brown Line | MRT Brown Line | 2028 | Nonthaburi Civic Centre | Yaek Lam Sali | 21 km (13 mi) | 20 | Approved | |
Yellow Line | Ratchayothin extension | TBA | Lat Phrao | Ratchayothin | 2.5 km (1.6 mi) | 2 | Shleved | |
Grey Line | Grey Line Northern section | Thong Lo | Vatcharaphol | 16.25 km (10.10 mi) | 15 | Postponed | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
(to be transferred to Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand) | |
Grey Line Southern section | Phra Khanong | Tha Phra | 20.2 km (12.6 mi) | 24 | ||||
Khlong Si extension | Vatcharaphol | Khlong Si | 10.87 km (6.75 mi) | 5 | Planning | |||
Light Blue Line | Light Blue Line project | Pracha Songkro | Chong Nonsi | 9.5 km (5.9 mi) | 9 | Planning | ||
People Mover | ||||||||
Gold Line | Khlong San to Prachadhipok section | TBA | Khlong San | Prachadhipok | 1.2 km (0.75 mi) | 1 | Postponed | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration |
- เส้นทางปรับแผนรถไฟฟ้า. Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region website (in Thai). Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning. Archived from the original on 2 January 2011. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
- Hoonsara, Samatcha; Jeerawan Prasomsap (9 February 2010). "Commission approves new Skytrain routes". The Nation. Archived from the original on 2011-02-21. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
- แผนแม่บทระบบขนส่งมวลชนทางรางในเขตกรุงเทพฯและปริมณฑล พ.ศ.2553-2572 [Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region] (PDF) (in Thai). Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
- ความก้าวหน้าโครงการ. Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region website (in Thai). Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
- ไทย-ญี่ปุ่น เร่งศึกษาแผนแม่บทรถไฟฟ้า. banmuang.co.th (in Thai). Retrieved 2017-08-12.
- "Outline of the Project: Project for enhancing capacity of formulation of the Second Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region (M-MAP2)". Japan International Cooperation Agency. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
- "Development of the 2nd Blueprint for Bangkok Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan (M-MAP2)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-11-11.
- "Data Collection Survey on the Development of Blueprint for the Second Mass Rapid Transit. Master Plan. (M-Map2) in The Kingdom of Thailand" (PDF). Japan International Cooperation Agency. Retrieved 12 October 2022.
- "กรมรางฯลุยศึกษา 'M-MAP' ระยะที่ 2 เติมโครงข่ายรถไฟฟ้าครอบคลุมกรุงเทพฯ-ปริมณฑล". Thai Post. March 2022.
- "แนะนำโครงการ-M-MAP" (PDF). Department of Rail Transport.
- Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region at the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning website
- M-MAP2 Project website, Department of Rail Transport
- Bangkok MRT Map - Bangkok BTS & MRT Map 2023