This is a list of the member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. These governments belong to an international organisation representing countries and regions where French is the first ("mother") or customary language, where a significant proportion of the population are francophones (French speakers) or where there is a notable affiliation with French culture.^[1][2][3]

  Participation suspended

More information Country, Joined ...

Country	Joined	Language	Notes
Albania	1999	Albanian	Brief French protectorate in Korçë between 1916 and 1920. Approximately 30% of young Albanians choose French as their first foreign language.[4] Albania is home to 300,000 French speakers, and it is the second foreign language of education after English.
Andorra	2004	Catalan	Formerly part of First French Empire. The President of France is also a Co-Prince of Andorra.
Armenia	2012	Armenian	See Armenia-France relations
Belgium	1970	officially trilingual, French included	French is the native language of about 39% of the population[5] 48% are non-native speakers of French.[6] Belgium's French community is also a member separately. See also: Languages of Belgium and Belgian French
* French Community of Belgium	1980	French official language	A community of Belgium with its two components Wallonia (excluding the German-speaking community) and Brussels-Capital Region (its French-speaking majority)
Benin	1970	French	Former French colony
Bulgaria	1993	Bulgarian	French is spoken as a foreign language by 9% of the Bulgarian people, and taught as a main foreign language in about 25% of primary schools. Furthermore, French is studied by 7.7% of high school students.[7][8]
Burkina Faso	1970	French	Former French colony. Membership suspended in 2022 due to a coup.
Burundi	1970	officially trilingual, French	Former Belgian UN-protectorate
Cambodia	1993	Khmer	Former French protectorate (as a part of former French Indochina)
Cameroon	1991	officially bilingual, French included	Over 90% of country was a French protectorate (1945–1959)
Canada	1970	Officially bilingual, French included	The provinces of Quebec and New Brunswick are participating governments; much of eastern Canada was part of the first French colonial empire. As of 2004, a government representative from Ontario also attends as part of the Canadian delegation, although Ontario is not yet a participating government in its own right.
*  New Brunswick	1977	officially bilingual, French included	Considered a "participating government", this province of Canada is officially bilingual English-French and home to the largest community of Acadians.
*  Quebec	1971	French	Considered a "participating government", this province of Canada has French as its official language and is home to 85% of Canada's native francophones.
Cape Verde	1996	Portuguese	French is spoken as a foreign language by ~11% of the population as of 2014
Central African Republic	1973	officially bilingual, French included	Former French colony. The Central African Republic was suspended for instances of la Francophonie at the 88th session of the CPF in March 2012.[9]
Chad	1970	officially bilingual, French included	Former French colony
Comoros	1977	officially trilingual, French included	Former French colony
Congo-Brazzaville	1981	French	Former French colony
Congo-Kinshasa	1977	French	Former Belgian colony. See also: Languages of the DRC
Côte d'Ivoire	1970	French	Former French colony. See also: Languages of Côte d'Ivoire
Djibouti	1977	officially bilingual, French included	Former French colony
Dominica	1979	English	French and then British colony; Antillean Creole, a French-based creole language, is spoken by 90% of the population.
Egypt	1983	Arabic	French sees use as foreign language in education and the country was a French colony for a short period from 1798 to 1801
Equatorial Guinea	1989	(officially trilingual, French included)	Country surrounded by French-speaking countries. Former Spanish colony
France	1970	French	Founder, origin of the French language
Gabon	1970	French	Former French colony
Greece	2004	Greek	French spoken as a foreign language by ~7% of the population as of 2014
Guinea	1981	French	Former French colony. Membership suspended in 2021 due to a coup.
Guinea-Bissau	1979	Portuguese	Country surrounded by French-speaking countries. Former Portuguese colony. Guinea-Bissau was suspended on 18 April 2012 following a coup d'état.[10]
Haiti	1970	officially bilingual, French included	Former French colony
Laos	1991	Lao; French is spoken	Former French colony (as a part of former French Indochina)
Lebanon	1973	Arabic and French; French is the secondary language.	Under a French mandate from 1920 to 1943
Luxembourg	1970	Officially trilingual, French included
North Macedonia	2001	Macedonian	French spoken as a foreign language by ~11% of the population as of 2014
Madagascar	1970–1977, 1989	officially bilingual, French included	Former French colony
Mali	1970	French	Former French colony. Mali's membership was suspended in March 2012 due to a coup,[11] and again in 2020.
Mauritania	1980	Arabic	Former French colony, French is an administrative language. Mauritania's membership was suspended on 26 August 2008, pending democratic elections, after a military coup d'état,[12] then again in April 2009.[13]
Mauritius	1970	Creole is the mother tongue. French and English are also widely used	Dutch, French, and then British colony; French is widely used in commerce and by the media.[citation needed] French is also a language of instruction in schools.[citation needed]
Moldova	1996	Romanian	French spoken as a foreign language by ~2% of the population as of 2014
Monaco	1970	French	Independent country enclaved in France
Morocco	1981	Arabic and Berber	Former French and Spanish protectorate
Niger	1970	French	Former French colony. Membership suspended due to a coup in 2023.
Romania	1993	Romanian	French is understood and spoken by 26% of the population.[6]
Rwanda	1970	officially quadralingual with French included	Former Belgian UN-protectorate. In 2009, became a member of the Commonwealth, but remains a member within Francophonie.
Saint Lucia	1981	English	Former French and British colony. Antillean Creole, a French-based creole language, is spoken by 90% of the population.
São Tomé and Príncipe	1999	Portuguese	French spoken as a foreign language by ~20% of the population as of 2014
Senegal	1970	French	Former French colony
Seychelles	1976	officially trilingual, French included	Former French colony (first empire), later British colony, French is commonly used
Switzerland	1996	Officially quadrilingual, French included	French is the native language of about 20% of all Swiss.
Togo	1970	French	Former French colony
Tunisia	1970	Arabic	Former French protectorate
Vanuatu	1979	officially trilingual	Former French and British condominium of New Hebrides
Vietnam	1970	Vietnamese	Former French protectorate

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Associate states

More information Country, Joined ...

Country	Joined	Language	Notes
Cyprus	2006	Greek, Turkish	Cyprus was ruled by the French-origin Lusignan dynasty from 1192 until 1489. About 12% of the Cyprus population speaks and understands French.
Ghana	2006	English	All land borders with French-speaking countries (all former colonies of French West Africa) and trade partners. Study of French is being made compulsory at the basic educational level and certain subjects will be taught in both English and French. Became Associate Member in 2006.[14]
Kosovo	2014	Albanian, Serbian	Traditional diplomatic and commercial ties with France; French is taught as a third language in most secondary schools. (See further: France-Kosovo relations.)
New Caledonia	2016	French, New Caledonian languages	Special collectivity of France; former French colony (1853–1946) and overseas territory (1946–1999)
Serbia	2006	Serbian	Traditional diplomatic, military and cultural ties with France; French is widely taught as a second foreign language in schools. See France-Serbia relations.
United Arab Emirates	2010	Arabic	Military and cultural ties with France (see further:France-United Arab Emirates relations)
Qatar	2012	Arabic	Strong military ties with France (see further:France-Qatar relations)

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Observers

More information Country, Joined ...

Country	Joined	Language	Notes
Argentina	2016	Spanish, others	Argentina has a large French community. Today more than six million Argentines have some degree of French ancestry (up to 17% of the total population).[15]
Austria	2004	German	Strong ties with Belgium, a Francophone country located to the north of France. Roughly 11% of the population also speaks French as a foreign language as of 2014
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2010	Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian
Costa Rica	2014	Spanish	French is the second compulsory language in middle school
Croatia	2004	Croatian	Part of the Illyrian Provinces under Napoleon's French Empire. (See further: Croatia-France relations.)
Czechia	1999	Czech	~2% of the population speaks French as a foreign language as of 2014
Dominican Republic	2010	Spanish	French colony from 1795 to 1808.
Estonia	2010	Estonian	~1% of the population speaks French as a foreign language as of 2014
Gambia	2018	English	Border with Senegal, a French-speaking country.
Georgia	2004	Georgian	~0.4% of the population speaks French as a foreign language as of 2014
Hungary	2004	Hungarian
Ireland	2018	English, Irish	French is the second most common foreign language spoken at home in Ireland (after Polish), and most commonly spoken by those born in Ireland [16]
Latvia	2008	Latvian	~1% of the population speaks French as a foreign language as of 2014
Lithuania	1999	Lithuanian	~2% of the population speaks French as a foreign language as of 2014
*  Louisiana	2018	English	U.S. state with a francophone minority. Once part of the first French colonial empire, now it is home to a strong influence of Cajun, Creole and Haitian language and culture. Use of the French language in Louisiana is promoted through the Council for the Development of French in Louisiana, a state agency that is responsible for preserving the state's "French heritage".[17]
Malta	2018	Maltese, English	Formerly occupied by France.
Mexico	2014	Spanish	A large number of French immigrants arrived in Mexico since the 1830s and today number over six million French descendants.[18] Second Mexican Empire, a puppet state of the Second French Empire under Napoleon III.[19]
Montenegro	2010	Montenegrin	Part of the Illyrian Provinces under Napoleon's French Empire.
Mozambique	2006	Portuguese	Trading partner across the Mozambique Channel with French-speaking and the former French colony of Madagascar
*  Ontario	2016	English; French is a regional administrative language	A province of Canada whose area was once a part of the Pays d'en Haut region of New France and is home to a francophone minority, the Franco-Ontarians. Although French is an official language in the province's judiciary, legislature, and educational system, the province as a whole is not officially bilingual, with other French-language provincial services not offered province-wide. However, Ontario's French Language Services Act does require Ontario government departments to provide French-language services in areas with significant francophone populations and recognizes the French language as a "historic language of Ontario".
Poland	1996	Polish	Long-standing cultural and historic ties: Henry III of France was King of Poland from 1573 to 1574, and the Duchy of Warsaw was a client state allied with the First French Empire from 1807 to 1815; France was home to notable Polish émigrés, including Adam Mickiewicz, Frédéric Chopin, and Marie Skłodowska-Curie.
Republic of Korea	2016	Korean	The Joseon Dynasty was invaded twice by the Second French Empire during the 19th century. Furthermore, the Catholic population grew as a result of French Jesuit missionaries in the country. See France-South Korea relations.
Slovakia	2002	Slovak
Slovenia	1999	Slovene	Part of the Illyrian Provinces under Napoleon's French Empire
Thailand	2008	Thai	Thailand has a history of international relations with France for more than 300 years, since the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Thailand (See Thailand-France relations).[20] Suspended on 27 June 2014 following the 2013–14 political crisis.[21][22]
Ukraine	2006	Ukrainian
Uruguay	2012	Spanish

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Some countries could also potentially join the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie on the basis of being part of the French colonial empire, including Algeria,^[23][24][25] Syria, Pondicherry and Chandannagar regions of India and the US state of Louisiana. In 2016, Saudi Arabia applied to join the organisation despite having no historical colonial ties with France.^[26] However, the Saudis withdrew their bid in October 2018 due to pressure over their human rights record.^[27] In 2023, Yemen represented by globally-recognized legitimate Presidential Leadership Council also applied to join the organisation as observer despite having no historical colonial ties with France and still in conflict against Houthi rebels.^[28][29]

• List of countries where French is an official language